PRODUCTION OF ACTIVE CARBON FROM FOOD WASTES AND THE APPLICATIONS OF ACTIVE CARBON IN FOOD INDUSTRY

Öz

Activated carbon is an excellent physicochemical adsorbent with high porous volumes (0.5-1.5 cm3/g) and large surface areas (500-2000 m2/g). It has been used in medicine, environment, chemistry, energy, metallurgy, textile and food in separation, purification, removal and recovery processes. It can be produced from various biomass wastes with high carbon and low inorganic material content that is recyclable. In the food industry, it is used as color, odor and taste regulator in beverages, color bleaching in sugar-syrup, shelf-life control in climacteric fruits and vegetables, adsorption of organics or removal of non-nutrient toxic substances, treatments of frying oil and drinking water. Their novel applications in food industry include the aerobic digestion, modified atmospheres, purification, novel antimicrobial agent production, volatile organic component removal, aroma recovery studies, electrochemical food sensors and electromagnetic materials for the efficient separation and purification. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• activated carbon,food waste,food industry,separation,purification

GIDA ATIKLARINDAN AKTİF KARBON ÜRETİMİ VE AKTİF KARBONUN GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE UYGULAMALARI

Öz

Aktif karbonlar, yüksek gözenek hacimleri (0,5-1,5 cm3/g) ve geniş yüzey alanları (500-2000 m2/g) ile hem fiziksel hem de kimyasal olarak mükemmel adsorban malzemeler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Aktif karbonlar ayırma, saflaştırma, uzaklaştırma ve geri kazanım süreçlerinde, tıp, çevre, kimya, enerji, metalurji, tekstil ve gıda gibi alanlarda kullanılmaktadır. Aktif karbonların, karbon içeriği yüksek, inorganik madde içeriği düşük çeşitli biyokütle atıklarından üretilebilmesi ve rejenerasyonla tekrar kullanılabilmesi avantaj sağlamaktadır. Gıda endüstrisinde aktif karbon; içecek endüstrisinde renk, koku ve tat düzenleyici, şeker-şurup endüstrisinde renk ağartıcı, klimakterik meyve ve sebzelerde raf ömrü kontrolü, organik madde adsorplama veya besinsel olmayan toksik madde uzaklaştırma, kızartma yağı ve içme suyu arıtımı gibi uygulamalarda kullanılmaktadır. Aktif karbonların gıda endüstrisindeki güncel uygulamaları ise; aerobik sindirim prosesleri, modifiye atmosfer uygulamaları, saflaştırma, yeni nesil antimikrobiyal ajan üretimi, uçucu organik bileşen uzaklaştırma ve aroma geri kazanımı çalışmalarıdır. Ayrıca, yüksek verimli ayırma ve saflaştırma için elektrokimyasal gıda sensörleri ve elektromanyetik aktif karbonlar üretilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• aktif karbon,gıda atıkları,gıda endüstrisi,ayrıştırma,saflaştırma

Kaynakça

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