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Self Determination Theory and the Adaptation of Need for Relatedness Scale (NRS-10) To Turkish

Yıl 2020, Kış, 366 - 377, 15.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.656251

Öz

The need to establish
social connections and gain the love and respect of other people is considered
as a fundamental requirement. This issue has been examined in the Self
Determination Theory (SDT). According to SDT relatedness is a basic need for
individuals. A scale was developed in English
on
the tenets of
self-determination
theory to evaluate the need of relatedness levels of individuals. This scale was named as “Need for Relatedness Scale”. In
order to work on this subject in Turkish studies, valid and reliable Turkish
instruments are needed. The aim of this study was to examine Self Determination
Theory and adapt Need for Relatedness Scale (NRS-10) to Turkish. The scale
determines the relatedness levels of adults in school and similar work
environments. NRS-10 is a two-dimensional scale consisting of ten items. The
Turkish equivalence study was conducted with a group of 90 senior students from
English department of the foreign language school. Turkish form of the NRS-10
was named as the “Sosyal İlişki Gereksinimi Ölçeği” (SİGÖ-10). The study group
consisted of totally 390 seniors. In addition to the Turkish version of NRS-10
a questionnaire and Turkish version of the Communal Mastery Scale were also
used. Hypotheses testing and confirmatory factor analyses methods were
used. Cronbach’s alpha and item-total correlation coefficients were also
calculated. As a result of the findings, it was
determined that the SİGÖ-10 can be used to collect data in Turkish studies.
Similar studies have been proposed.



 

Kaynakça

  • Alderfer, C. P. (1972). Existence, relatedness, and growth: Human needs in organizational settings. New York, NY, US: Free Press.
  • Çelik, B. S., Batık, M. V., & Özcan, K. (2016). Arkadaşlık İlişkilerinde Kalıp Yargılar Ölçeği: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Electronic Turkish Studies, 11(19):133-144.
  • Beyazkürk, D., Anlıak, Ş., & Dinçer, Ç. (2007). Çocuklukta Akran İlişkileri ve Arkadaşlık. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research (EJER), 26(1), 13-26.
  • Connell, J. P., & Wellborn, J. G. (1991). Competence, autonomy and relatedness: A motivational analysis of self-system processes. In M. Gunnar & L. A. Sroufe (Eds.), Minnesota Symposium on Child Psychology: Vol. 23. Self-processes in development (pp. 43-47). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Deci, E. L., and Ryan, R. M. (2002). Handbook of self-determination research. Rochester: University of Rochester Press.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2010). Self‐determination. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2010a). Self‐determination. The Corsini encyclopedia of psychology, 1-2.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2010b). Intrinsic motivation. The Corsini encyclopedia of psychology,1-2.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2014). Autonomy and need satisfaction in close relationships: Relationships motivation theory. In N. Weinstein, Human motivation and interpersonal relationships: Theory, research, and applications. (pp. 53-73). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2016). Optimizing students’ motivation in the era of testing and pressure: A self-determination theory perspective. In Building autonomous learners. (pp. 9-29). Springer, Singapore.
  • Deci, E. L., and Vansteenkiste, M. (2004). Self-determination theory and basic need satisfaction: Understanding human development in positive psychology. Ricerche di Psicologia, 1(27), 23-40.
  • Grolnick, W. S., & Ryan, R. M. (1989). Parent styles associated with children’s self-regulation and competence in school. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 143-154.
  • Hambleton, R. K., Merenda, P. F., & Spielberger, C. D. (2005). Adapting educational and psychological tests for cross-cultural assessment. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Hobfoll, S. E., Jackson, A., Hobfoll, I., Pierce, C. A., & Young, S. (2002). The impact of communal-mastery versus self mastery on emotional outcomes during stressful conditions: A prospective study of Native American women. American Journal of Community Psychology, 30, 853–871.
  • Hobfoll, S. E., Schröder, K. E. E., Wells, M., & Malek, M. (2002). Communal versus individualistic construction of sense of mastery in facing life challenges. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 21, 362–399.
  • Kağıtçıbaşı, C. (2005). Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context: Implications for self and family. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 36(4), 403-422.
  • Karagüven, M. H. (2005, July). Academic motivation and communal mastery of technical high school students. Paper presented at the 25th International STAR Conference, Stress and Anxiety Research Society, Germany.
  • Karagüven, M. H. (2012). Akademik motivasyon ölçeğinin Türkçeye adaptasyonu. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 12(4), 2599-2620. Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50, 370-396.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and Personality, 2nd. ed., New York, Harper & Row.
  • Minnaert, A., Boekaerts, M., & De Brabander, C. (2007). Autonomy, competence, and social relatedness in task interest within project-based education. Psychological Reports, 101(2), 574-586.
  • Miserandino, M. (1996). Children who do well in school: Individual differences in perceived competence and autonomy in above average children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 203-214.
  • Niemiec, C. P., & Ryan, R. M. (2009). Autonomy, competence, and relatedness in the classroom: Applying self-determination theory to educational practice. School Field, 7(2), 133-144.
  • Ormrod, E., (2018). Öğrenme Psikolojisi (Çeviri editörü Mustafa BALOĞLU). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Richer, S., & Vallerand, R.J. (1998). Construction and validation of the perceived relatedness scale. Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée, 48, 129–137.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. New York: Guilford Publishing.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2019). Supporting autonomy, competence, and relatedness: The coaching process from a self-determination theory perspective. In S. English, J. M.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Are there universal aspects in the structure and contents of human values? Journal of social issues, 50(4), 19-45.
  • Skinner, E. A., & Belmont, M. J. (1993). Motivation in the classroom: Reciprocal effects of teacher behavior and student engagement across the school year. Journal of Educational Psychology, 85, 571-581.
  • Tonta, Y. (2008). Faktör Analizi. yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr/~tonta/courses/spring2008/bby208 adresinden 29 Nisan 2018 tarihinde edinilmiştir.
  • Vansteenkiste, M., Zhou, M., Lens, W., & Soenens, B. (2005). Experiences of autonomy and control among Chinese learners: Vitalizing or immobilizing?. Journal of educational psychology, 97(3), 468.
  • Wahba, M. A., Bridwell, L. G. (1976). Maslow reconsidered: A review of research on the need hierarchy theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 15, 212-240
  • Wentzel, K. R., & Miele, D. B. (Eds.). (2009). Handbook of motivation at school. Routledge.

Özerklik Teorisi ve Sosyal İlişki Gereksinimi Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Adaptasyonu

Yıl 2020, Kış, 366 - 377, 15.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.656251

Öz

Sosyal yönden bağlantı kurma, diğer insanların sevgi ve saygısını kazanma ihtiyacı temel bir gereksinim olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu konu Özerklik Teorisinde incelenmiş ve ilişkililik (relatedness) ya da sosyal ilişki kurma gereksinimi olarak tanımlanmıştır. Aynı teori kapsamında sosyal ilişki kurma gereksinimi düzeyini belirleme yönelik “The Need for Relatedness Scale” (NRS-10) adıyla bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek Kanada’da İngilizce olarak geliştirilmiştir. Amacı, okul ve benzeri iş ortamlarında yetişkinlerin sosyal ilişki kurma gereksinimi düzeyini belirlemektir. Konuyla ilgili Türkçe çalışmalar yapabilmek için kullanımı kolay, geçerlik ve güvenirliği tatminkâr ölçme araçlarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı önce Özerklik Teorisini sunmak daha sonra bu teori temelinde geliştirilen NRS-10 ölçeğinin Türkçeye adaptasyonunu sağlamaktır. NRS-10 on maddeden oluşan iki boyutlu bir ölçektir. Türkçe eşdeğerlik ön çalışması, İngilizce öğretmenliği son sınıf öğrencilerden oluşan 90 kişilik bir grupla yapılmış ve Türkçe form "Sosyal İlişki Gereksinimi Ölçeği" (SİGÖ-10) olarak adlandırılmıştır. Çalışma grubu toplamda 390 üniversite son sınıf öğrencilerinden oluşmuştur. SİGÖ-10 ile birlikte bir anket formu ve Çevresel Destek Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Hipotez testi, yapısal faktör analizi, iç tutarlılık katsayısı ve korelasyon teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular NSR-10'un Türkçe formunun yetişkinler arasında sosyal ilişki ihtiyacı düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla kullanılabilecek bir ölçek olduğunu göstermiştir. Ölçek Türkçe çalışmalarda veri toplamak amacıyla kullanılabilir. Konu ile ilgili benzer çalışmaların yapılması önerilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Alderfer, C. P. (1972). Existence, relatedness, and growth: Human needs in organizational settings. New York, NY, US: Free Press.
  • Çelik, B. S., Batık, M. V., & Özcan, K. (2016). Arkadaşlık İlişkilerinde Kalıp Yargılar Ölçeği: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Electronic Turkish Studies, 11(19):133-144.
  • Beyazkürk, D., Anlıak, Ş., & Dinçer, Ç. (2007). Çocuklukta Akran İlişkileri ve Arkadaşlık. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research (EJER), 26(1), 13-26.
  • Connell, J. P., & Wellborn, J. G. (1991). Competence, autonomy and relatedness: A motivational analysis of self-system processes. In M. Gunnar & L. A. Sroufe (Eds.), Minnesota Symposium on Child Psychology: Vol. 23. Self-processes in development (pp. 43-47). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Deci, E. L., and Ryan, R. M. (2002). Handbook of self-determination research. Rochester: University of Rochester Press.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2010). Self‐determination. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2010a). Self‐determination. The Corsini encyclopedia of psychology, 1-2.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2010b). Intrinsic motivation. The Corsini encyclopedia of psychology,1-2.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2014). Autonomy and need satisfaction in close relationships: Relationships motivation theory. In N. Weinstein, Human motivation and interpersonal relationships: Theory, research, and applications. (pp. 53-73). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2016). Optimizing students’ motivation in the era of testing and pressure: A self-determination theory perspective. In Building autonomous learners. (pp. 9-29). Springer, Singapore.
  • Deci, E. L., and Vansteenkiste, M. (2004). Self-determination theory and basic need satisfaction: Understanding human development in positive psychology. Ricerche di Psicologia, 1(27), 23-40.
  • Grolnick, W. S., & Ryan, R. M. (1989). Parent styles associated with children’s self-regulation and competence in school. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 143-154.
  • Hambleton, R. K., Merenda, P. F., & Spielberger, C. D. (2005). Adapting educational and psychological tests for cross-cultural assessment. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Hobfoll, S. E., Jackson, A., Hobfoll, I., Pierce, C. A., & Young, S. (2002). The impact of communal-mastery versus self mastery on emotional outcomes during stressful conditions: A prospective study of Native American women. American Journal of Community Psychology, 30, 853–871.
  • Hobfoll, S. E., Schröder, K. E. E., Wells, M., & Malek, M. (2002). Communal versus individualistic construction of sense of mastery in facing life challenges. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 21, 362–399.
  • Kağıtçıbaşı, C. (2005). Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context: Implications for self and family. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 36(4), 403-422.
  • Karagüven, M. H. (2005, July). Academic motivation and communal mastery of technical high school students. Paper presented at the 25th International STAR Conference, Stress and Anxiety Research Society, Germany.
  • Karagüven, M. H. (2012). Akademik motivasyon ölçeğinin Türkçeye adaptasyonu. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 12(4), 2599-2620. Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50, 370-396.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and Personality, 2nd. ed., New York, Harper & Row.
  • Minnaert, A., Boekaerts, M., & De Brabander, C. (2007). Autonomy, competence, and social relatedness in task interest within project-based education. Psychological Reports, 101(2), 574-586.
  • Miserandino, M. (1996). Children who do well in school: Individual differences in perceived competence and autonomy in above average children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 203-214.
  • Niemiec, C. P., & Ryan, R. M. (2009). Autonomy, competence, and relatedness in the classroom: Applying self-determination theory to educational practice. School Field, 7(2), 133-144.
  • Ormrod, E., (2018). Öğrenme Psikolojisi (Çeviri editörü Mustafa BALOĞLU). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Richer, S., & Vallerand, R.J. (1998). Construction and validation of the perceived relatedness scale. Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée, 48, 129–137.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. New York: Guilford Publishing.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2019). Supporting autonomy, competence, and relatedness: The coaching process from a self-determination theory perspective. In S. English, J. M.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Are there universal aspects in the structure and contents of human values? Journal of social issues, 50(4), 19-45.
  • Skinner, E. A., & Belmont, M. J. (1993). Motivation in the classroom: Reciprocal effects of teacher behavior and student engagement across the school year. Journal of Educational Psychology, 85, 571-581.
  • Tonta, Y. (2008). Faktör Analizi. yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr/~tonta/courses/spring2008/bby208 adresinden 29 Nisan 2018 tarihinde edinilmiştir.
  • Vansteenkiste, M., Zhou, M., Lens, W., & Soenens, B. (2005). Experiences of autonomy and control among Chinese learners: Vitalizing or immobilizing?. Journal of educational psychology, 97(3), 468.
  • Wahba, M. A., Bridwell, L. G. (1976). Maslow reconsidered: A review of research on the need hierarchy theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 15, 212-240
  • Wentzel, K. R., & Miele, D. B. (Eds.). (2009). Handbook of motivation at school. Routledge.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Meşküre Hülya Ünal-karagüven 0000-0002-6375-8930

Mukadder Karaman-ekşioğlu Bu kişi benim

Çiğdem Gül Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Mart 2020
Kabul Tarihi 20 Ocak 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Kış

Kaynak Göster

APA Ünal-karagüven, M. H., Karaman-ekşioğlu, M., & Gül, Ç. (2020). Özerklik Teorisi ve Sosyal İlişki Gereksinimi Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Adaptasyonu. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(6), 366-377. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.656251

IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / IBAD Journal of Social Sciences 


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