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Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach

Cilt: 15 26 Ekim 2026
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Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach

Öz

Crime is an important social phenomenon that directly affects the functioning of the economic system and social welfare. From a development economics perspective, ensuring security and strengthening institutional capacity are among the fundamental elements of sustainable development. Previous research has primarily linked unemployment to property crime, with more limited evidence regarding violent offenses. This study shifts the focus to youth disengagement by examining whether the share of young people not in employment, education, or training (NEET) is related to violent crime dynamics across Europe. Using panel data for 24 European countries over the period 2002– 2022, panel Granger causality tests are employed to analyze the relationship between NEET rates and violent crime indicators. The results indicate that NEET rates Granger-cause violent crime at the panel level for both intentional homicide and robbery. No Granger causality is found from homicide to NEET, indicating a unidirectional relationship. For robbery, panel estimates suggest a feedback relationship, although country-specific results are heterogeneous and do not support bidirectional causality; only Greece exhibits such a pattern for both crime types. Overall, the findings indicate that youth disengagement contains useful information about subsequent violent crime trends. Monitoring developments in NEET rates may therefore contribute to assessing future crime risks across European countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

NEET Youth, intentional homicide, robbery, panel causality analysis, European countries

Kaynakça

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Kaynak Göster

APA
Güzel, A. E. (2026). Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach. İnönü Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.54282/inijoss.1897485
AMA
1.Güzel AE. Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach. INIJOSS. 2026;15:1-20. doi:10.54282/inijoss.1897485
Chicago
Güzel, Arif Eser. 2026. “Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach”. İnönü Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 15 (Ekim): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.54282/inijoss.1897485.
EndNote
Güzel AE (01 Ekim 2026) Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach. İnönü Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 15 1–20.
IEEE
[1]A. E. Güzel, “Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach”, INIJOSS, c. 15, ss. 1–20, Eki. 2026, doi: 10.54282/inijoss.1897485.
ISNAD
Güzel, Arif Eser. “Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach”. İnönü Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 15 (01 Ekim 2026): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.54282/inijoss.1897485.
JAMA
1.Güzel AE. Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach. INIJOSS. 2026;15:1–20.
MLA
Güzel, Arif Eser. “Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach”. İnönü Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 15, Ekim 2026, ss. 1-20, doi:10.54282/inijoss.1897485.
Vancouver
1.Arif Eser Güzel. Youth Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) and Violent Crime Dynamics in Europe: A Panel Granger Causality Approach. INIJOSS. 01 Ekim 2026;15:1-20. doi:10.54282/inijoss.1897485