Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Educational Wallet for Students: Sharing of Students’ Education Activities on Blockchain

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 1105 - 1125, 28.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.37217/tebd.822929

Öz

Recently, effective solutions have been developed in the fields of finance, public services, health, and supply chain, thanks to the blockchain technology that has entered our lives. Although limited, some studies on blockchain are also found in the field of education. It is stated in the studies and published reports that student activities, educational contents, course credits, certificate information, tuition, and scholarship payments can be stored and shared on the blockchain. Thanks to its transparent and distributed structure, blockchain technology enables third party and central institutions to disengage or to provide secure and transparent data sharing between institutions at the same level. Within the scope of this study, it was aimed to establish a blockchain system between formal education, distance education, and educational institutions that provide certificate training services. Thanks to this applied research, the activities of the students who received service from the educational institutions participating in the chain will be kept on the blockchain, and each institution will have access to the educational activities of the students and thus the levels of their readiness. In addition to educational institutions, students will be able to reach their own activities. In other words, educational wallets will be created on the blockchain for students. With the developed application, it was ensured that educational institutions could share data via blockchain, and students could view their educational wallets. Within the scope of this study, the implementation of the blockchain system for the educational institutions to be included in the blockchain, the connection of the established blockchains to each other, the recommendations to implement the integration of the information systems of the institutions with the blockchain system, and the comparative information were presented on the sample scenarios.

Kaynakça

  • Abadi, F. A., Ellul, J. & G. Azzopardi (2018). The Blockchain of Things, Beyond Bitcoin: A Systematic Review. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData), Canada, pp. 1666-1672, doi: 10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00278.
  • Anascavage, R., & Davis, N. (2018). Blockchain Technology: A Literature Review. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3173406.
  • Beck, R. (2018). Beyond Bitcoin: The Rise of Blockchain World. Computer, 51(2), 54–58. https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2018.1451660.
  • Blockchain Demo. (2019, 14 Mayıs). Erişim adresi https://anders.com/blockchain/
  • Blockchain Distributed Ledger Market Size by Type, End-User. (2017). Erişim adresi https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/blockchain-distributed-ledger-market.
  • Burgess, K. (2015). The Promise of Bitcoin and the Blockchain. Consumers’ Research Primary. Erişim adresi https://www.academia.edu/23117440/The_Promise_of_Bitcoin_and_the_Blockchain_A_ product_of.
  • Buterin, V. (2015). On Public and Private Blockchains. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2004.02.009. Cai, Y., & Zhu, D. (2016). Fraud detections for online businesses: a perspective from blockchain technology. Financial Innovation, 2(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-016-0039-4.
  • Camilleri, A. F. (2017). Blockchain in Education. https://doi.org/10.2760/60649.
  • Cheng, J. C., Lee, N. Y., Chi, C., & Chen, Y. H. (2018). Blockchain and smart contract for digital certificate. In Proceedings of 4th IEEE International Conference on Applied System Innovation 2018, ICASI 2018 (pp. 1046–1051). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASI.2018.8394455.
  • Chuen, D. L. K. (2015). Handbook of Digital Currency: Bitcoin, Innovation, Financial Instruments, and Big Data. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2014-0-01905-3.
  • Efanov, D., & Roschin, P. (2018). The all-pervasiveness of the blockchain technology. Procedia Computer Science, 123, 116–121). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.01.019.
  • Gatteschi, V., Lamberti, F., Demartini, C., Pranteda, C., & Santamaria, V. (2018). To Blockchain or Not to Blockchain: That Is the Question. IT Professional, 20(2), 62–74. https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2018.021921652.
  • Haber, S., & Stornetta, W. S. (1991). How to time-stamp a digital document. Journal of Cryptology, 3(2), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196791.
  • Huynh, T. T., Tru Huynh, T., Pham, D. K., & Khoa Ngo, A. (2018). Issuing and Verifying Digital Certificates with Blockchain. In 2018 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC), 332–336. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ATC.2018.8587428.
  • MultiChain | Open source blockchain platform. (t.y.). Erişim adresi https://www.multichain.com/
  • Nakamato, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-toPeer Electronic Cash System. Erişim adresi https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf.
  • Puthal, D., Malik, N., Mohanty, S. P., Kougianos, E., & Das, G. (2018). Everything You Wanted to Know about the Blockchain: Its Promise, Components, Processes, and Problems. IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, 7(4), 6–14. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCE.2018.2816299.
  • Reyna, A., Martín, C., Chen, J., Soler, E., & Díaz, M. (2018). On blockchain and its integration with IoT. Challenges and opportunities. Future Generation Computer Systems, 88, 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.05.046.
  • Ripple. (t.y.). Erişim adresi https://ripple.com/.
  • Sharples, M., De Roock, R., Ferguson, R., Gaved, M., Herodotou, C., Koh, E., Wong, H. (2016). Innovating Pedagogy 2016 Exploring new forms of teaching, learning and assessment, to guide educators and policy makers. Erişim adresi www.open.ac.uk/innovating.
  • Shen, H., & Xiao, Y. (2018). Research on Online Quiz Scheme Based on Double-Layer Consortium Blockchain. In 2018 9th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME), 956–960. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITME.2018.00213.
  • Swan, M. (2015). Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy. https://doi.org/10.1109/CANDAR.2017.50.
  • Tanrıverdi, M., Uysal, M., & Üstündağ, M. T. (2019). Blokzinciri Teknolojisi Nedir ? Ne Değildir ?: Alanyazın İncelemesi. Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, 203–217. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.547122.
  • Turkanovic, M., Holbl, M., Kosic, K., Hericko, M., & Kamisalic, A. (2018). EduCTX: A Blockchain-Based Higher Education Credit Platform. IEEE Access, 6, 5112–5127. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2789929.
  • Wang, H., Chen, K., & Xu, D. (2016). A maturity model for blockchain adoption. Financial Innovation, 2(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-016-0031-z.
  • Wood, D. G. (2014). Ethereum: a Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger. Erişim adresi https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Ethereum%3A-a-Secure-Decentralised-Generalised-Ledger-Wood/79ee330676c159caf5dce2b2e004a76f966be126.
  • Yli-Huumo, J., Ko, D., Choi, S., Park, S., & Smolander, K. (2016). Where Is Current Research on Blockchain Technology?—A Systematic Review. PLOS ONE, 11(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163477.
  • Zhao, J. L., Fan, S., & Yan, J. (2016). Overview of business innovations and research opportunities in blockchain and introduction to the special issue. Financial Innovation, 2(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-016-0049-2.

Öğrenciler için Eğitim Cüzdanı: Öğrencilerin Eğitim Etkinliklerinin Blokzinciri Üzerinde Paylaşılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 1105 - 1125, 28.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.37217/tebd.822929

Öz

Son zamanlarda hayatımıza hızla giren blokzinciri teknolojisi sayesinde finans, kamu hizmetleri, sağlık ve tedarik zinciri gibi alanlarda uygulamasını gördüğümüz etkili çözümler geliştirilmiştir. Sınırlı sayıda da olsa eğitim alanında da blokzinciri konulu çalışmalara rastlanmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar ve yayımlanan raporlarda öğrenci etkinliklerinin, eğitim içeriklerinin, ders kredilerinin, sertifika bilgilerinin, harç ve burs ödemelerinin blokzinciri üzerinde saklanabileceği ve paylaşılabileceği ifade edilmektedir. Blokzinciri teknolojisi şeffaf ve merkezi olmayan dağıtık yapısı sayesinde üçüncü taraf ve merkezi kurumları devreden çıkarabilmekte ya da birbiri ile ilişkili aynı seviyedeki kurumlar arasında güvenli ve şeffaf bir veri paylaşımı imkânı sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında örgün eğitim, uzaktan eğitim ve sertifika eğitimi hizmeti veren eğitim kurumları arasında blokzinciri sisteminin kurulmasına ilişkin bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu uygulamalı araştırma sayesinde zincire katılan eğitim kurumlarından hizmet alan öğrencilerin etkinlikleri blokzinciri üzerinde tutulabilmekte ve her bir kurum öğrencilerin eğitim etkinliklerine ve böylelikle hazırbulunuşluk seviyelerine erişebilmektedir. Eğitim kurumlarının yanı sıra öğrenciler de kendi etkinliklerine ulaşabileceklerdir. Başka bir deyişle öğrenciler için blokzinciri üzerinde eğitim cüzdanları oluşturulmuş olacaktır. Geliştirilen uygulama ile eğitim kurumlarının blokzinciri üzerinden veri paylaşımı yapabilmesi ve öğrencilerin eğitim cüzdanlarını görüntüleyebilmeleri sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında blokzincirine katılacak eğitim kurumları için blokzinciri sisteminin kurulumu, kurulan blokzincirlerinin birbirine bağlanması, kurumların bilgi sistemlerinin blokzinciri sistemi ile entegrasyonunun sağlanmasına ilişkin örnek uygulama ve örnek senaryolar üzerinden karşılaştırmalı bilgi sunumu yapılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Abadi, F. A., Ellul, J. & G. Azzopardi (2018). The Blockchain of Things, Beyond Bitcoin: A Systematic Review. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData), Canada, pp. 1666-1672, doi: 10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00278.
  • Anascavage, R., & Davis, N. (2018). Blockchain Technology: A Literature Review. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3173406.
  • Beck, R. (2018). Beyond Bitcoin: The Rise of Blockchain World. Computer, 51(2), 54–58. https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2018.1451660.
  • Blockchain Demo. (2019, 14 Mayıs). Erişim adresi https://anders.com/blockchain/
  • Blockchain Distributed Ledger Market Size by Type, End-User. (2017). Erişim adresi https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/blockchain-distributed-ledger-market.
  • Burgess, K. (2015). The Promise of Bitcoin and the Blockchain. Consumers’ Research Primary. Erişim adresi https://www.academia.edu/23117440/The_Promise_of_Bitcoin_and_the_Blockchain_A_ product_of.
  • Buterin, V. (2015). On Public and Private Blockchains. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2004.02.009. Cai, Y., & Zhu, D. (2016). Fraud detections for online businesses: a perspective from blockchain technology. Financial Innovation, 2(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-016-0039-4.
  • Camilleri, A. F. (2017). Blockchain in Education. https://doi.org/10.2760/60649.
  • Cheng, J. C., Lee, N. Y., Chi, C., & Chen, Y. H. (2018). Blockchain and smart contract for digital certificate. In Proceedings of 4th IEEE International Conference on Applied System Innovation 2018, ICASI 2018 (pp. 1046–1051). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASI.2018.8394455.
  • Chuen, D. L. K. (2015). Handbook of Digital Currency: Bitcoin, Innovation, Financial Instruments, and Big Data. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2014-0-01905-3.
  • Efanov, D., & Roschin, P. (2018). The all-pervasiveness of the blockchain technology. Procedia Computer Science, 123, 116–121). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.01.019.
  • Gatteschi, V., Lamberti, F., Demartini, C., Pranteda, C., & Santamaria, V. (2018). To Blockchain or Not to Blockchain: That Is the Question. IT Professional, 20(2), 62–74. https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2018.021921652.
  • Haber, S., & Stornetta, W. S. (1991). How to time-stamp a digital document. Journal of Cryptology, 3(2), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196791.
  • Huynh, T. T., Tru Huynh, T., Pham, D. K., & Khoa Ngo, A. (2018). Issuing and Verifying Digital Certificates with Blockchain. In 2018 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC), 332–336. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ATC.2018.8587428.
  • MultiChain | Open source blockchain platform. (t.y.). Erişim adresi https://www.multichain.com/
  • Nakamato, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-toPeer Electronic Cash System. Erişim adresi https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf.
  • Puthal, D., Malik, N., Mohanty, S. P., Kougianos, E., & Das, G. (2018). Everything You Wanted to Know about the Blockchain: Its Promise, Components, Processes, and Problems. IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, 7(4), 6–14. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCE.2018.2816299.
  • Reyna, A., Martín, C., Chen, J., Soler, E., & Díaz, M. (2018). On blockchain and its integration with IoT. Challenges and opportunities. Future Generation Computer Systems, 88, 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.05.046.
  • Ripple. (t.y.). Erişim adresi https://ripple.com/.
  • Sharples, M., De Roock, R., Ferguson, R., Gaved, M., Herodotou, C., Koh, E., Wong, H. (2016). Innovating Pedagogy 2016 Exploring new forms of teaching, learning and assessment, to guide educators and policy makers. Erişim adresi www.open.ac.uk/innovating.
  • Shen, H., & Xiao, Y. (2018). Research on Online Quiz Scheme Based on Double-Layer Consortium Blockchain. In 2018 9th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME), 956–960. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITME.2018.00213.
  • Swan, M. (2015). Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy. https://doi.org/10.1109/CANDAR.2017.50.
  • Tanrıverdi, M., Uysal, M., & Üstündağ, M. T. (2019). Blokzinciri Teknolojisi Nedir ? Ne Değildir ?: Alanyazın İncelemesi. Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, 203–217. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.547122.
  • Turkanovic, M., Holbl, M., Kosic, K., Hericko, M., & Kamisalic, A. (2018). EduCTX: A Blockchain-Based Higher Education Credit Platform. IEEE Access, 6, 5112–5127. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2789929.
  • Wang, H., Chen, K., & Xu, D. (2016). A maturity model for blockchain adoption. Financial Innovation, 2(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-016-0031-z.
  • Wood, D. G. (2014). Ethereum: a Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger. Erişim adresi https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Ethereum%3A-a-Secure-Decentralised-Generalised-Ledger-Wood/79ee330676c159caf5dce2b2e004a76f966be126.
  • Yli-Huumo, J., Ko, D., Choi, S., Park, S., & Smolander, K. (2016). Where Is Current Research on Blockchain Technology?—A Systematic Review. PLOS ONE, 11(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163477.
  • Zhao, J. L., Fan, S., & Yan, J. (2016). Overview of business innovations and research opportunities in blockchain and introduction to the special issue. Financial Innovation, 2(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-016-0049-2.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mustafa Tanrıverdi 0000-0003-3710-4965

Mevlüt Uysal 0000-0002-6934-4421

Mutlu Tahsin Üstündağ 0000-0001-6198-2819

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Kasım 2020
Kabul Tarihi 18 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Tanrıverdi, M., Uysal, M., & Üstündağ, M. T. (2020). Öğrenciler için Eğitim Cüzdanı: Öğrencilerin Eğitim Etkinliklerinin Blokzinciri Üzerinde Paylaşılması. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(2), 1105-1125. https://doi.org/10.37217/tebd.822929

                                                                                                    Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi Gazi Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü tarafından yayınlanmaktadır.

                                                                                                                                      Creative Commons Lisansı