Hindu inançlarında dansın yeri: “Dansın kralı Śiva”

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 8, 57 - 68, 29.12.2019

Rukiye Bilican

Öz

Makalenin amacı Hint panteonunda yer alan ve önemli tanrılardan biri olan tanrı Śiva ve dansı ile ilgili bilgi vermektir. Śiva Dansı ile meşhur tanrılar arasında yer aldığından kendisine verilen isimlerden bir tanesi Śiva Natarāja (Dansın Kralı)’dır. Hint mitoslarının hemen hemen her döneminde varlığından söz ettiren Śiva, birçok tanrılar içerisinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Hindu üçlemesi arasında yer alan Śiva, yok edici konumdadır. Bu konumu haricinde birçok farklı betimlemeleri de mevcuttur. Bu betimlemelerde tanrı algısına pek yakışmayan ifadeler de bulunmaktadır. Örneğin Śiva’nın evsiz dilenci olarak tasvir edilmesi veya kaplan derisini yüzdükten sonra üzerinde taşıması gibi, belki de bir tanrıya uymayan hallere bürünmesi bunlardan bazılarıdır. Bu makalede Śiva’nın farklı aktivitelerine de değinilmiş ve meşhur eylemi olan ‘dans’ından bahsedilmiştir. Bu bağlamda dansın, Hindu inanç sistemi ve sanatındaki önemi ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Śiva, Dans, Natarāja, Dansın kralı, Mitoloji

The importance of dance in Hindu beliefs: “Shiva, the king of dance”

Öz

This paper elaborates the character and dance of Shiva, one of the principle deities in the Hindu pantheon. Shiva is from the gods celebrated for their dance, for which he also came to be called Śiva Natarāja. Mentioned in almost every phase of Hindu mythology, Shiva holds a particularly important place among the deities. Within his part in the Hindu trinity, he is considered to be the destroyer. Yet, apart from this position, he has also been subject to a variety of alternate descriptions. Among these, there are narrations which do not quite fit the deity paradigm. The portrayal of him as a homeless bagger or as wearing the personally flayed skin of a tiger, may serve as expressions of patterns that do not tend to agree with the image of a god. This paper seeks to adress Shiva’s diversified activities, as well as his famous act of ‘dancing’. As such, it will provide insight into the Hindu belief system and into the significance of dance in its art.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Shiva, Dance, Natarāja, king of dancers, mythology

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