European Union In The Context Of Transnational/Organized Crimes

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 275 - 289, 24.08.2020

Furkan Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.718607

Öz

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in the Severe and Organized Crime Assessments that guide the Union on these illegal activities by examining the phenomenon of organized crime that has many economic and political negative consequences within the borders of the European Union. As a method, first of all, the study has drawn the conceptual framework of organized crime phenomenon by examining the related literature, and then evaluated the changes of organized crime tendencies within the Union by comparing the evaluations of 2014-2017 and 2018-2021 prepared by Europol. One of the most striking results obtained from these comparisons is while the environmental crimes, criminal finance and money laundering issues have been laid into background in the assessment period between 2014 and 2017, after the terrorist attacks in Brussels and Paris, particularly the criminal finance or financial supports to terrorist activities issues have been brought to the fore the assessment period for 2018-2021 by Europol.
This study, with its versatile character, both evaluated the phenomenon of organized crime and analyzed two consecutive periods in the context of organized crime, which were not compared before.
Key Words: Organized Crime, Europol, SOCTA, European Union
JEL Classification: F50, K33

Anahtar Kelimeler

Organized crime, Europol, SOCTA, European Union

Sınıraşan/Organize Suçlar Bağlamında Avrupa Birliği

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temelde amacı, Avrupa Birliği sınırları içerisinde hem ekonomik hem de politik birçok olumsuz sonuç doğuran organize suç olgusunu inceleyerek, bu yasa dışı aktivitelere dair Birliğe yol haritası çizen Ağır ve Organize Suçlar Değerlendirmeleri içerisindeki değişimleri analiz etmektir. Çalışma yöntem olarak öncelikle literatür taraması ile organize suç olgusunun kavramsal çerçevesini çizmiş, daha sonra ise Europol tarafından hazırlanan 2014-2017 ve 2018-2021 yıllarına ait değerlendirmeleri karşılaştırarak organize suçların Birlik içerisindeki değişimini değerlendirmiştir. Bu karşılaştırmalardan elde edilen en çarpıcı sonuçlardan biri 2014-2017 yıllarına ait politikaların belirlenmesine yönelik değerlendirmelerde çevre suçları, terörün finansmanı ve kara para aklama suçları odaklanılması gereken suçlar arasında geri planda kalmıştır. Fakat Brüksel’de ve Paris’te gerçekleştirilen terör eylemlerinin ardından Europol özellikle terörün finansmanı konusunu ön plana almıştır.
Bu çalışma, çok yönlü karakteriyle hem organize suç olgusunu değerlendirmiş hem de daha önce karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmeyen iki ardışık dönemi organize suçlar bağlamında analiz etmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Organize Suçlar, Europol, SOCTA, Avrupa Birliği
JEL Sınıflandırması: F50, K33

Anahtar Kelimeler

Organize suçlar, Europol, SOCTA, Avrupa Birliği

Kaynakça

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