Current Issue

Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 6/30/24

Year: 2024
Prof. Dr. Kamil Ali GIYNAŞ KARAMANOĞLU MEHMETBEY ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0001-5872-2899
Turkish Language and Literature, Classical Turkish Literature Out of Ottoman Field, Classical Turkish Literature of Ottoman Field, Classical Turkish Literature
Assoc. Prof. Dr. İsmail AKKAŞ KARAMANOĞLU MEHMETBEY ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, ARKEOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ 0000-0002-2744-3202
Archaeology, Archaic Period Archeology, Ceramics in Archeology, Hellenistic Period Archeology, Classical Period Archeology, Greek and Roman Period Archeology
Asst. Prof. Dr. Emre KOÇ KARAMANOĞLU MEHMETBEY ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0002-6562-2391
Late Modern Urban History
Latin American Language, Literature and Culture, Modernization Sociology, Cinema Sociology, Political Sociology, Sociology of Migration, Ethnicity and Multiculturalism, Military Sociology , Literature Sociology
Dr. Ali Erdem AKGÜL AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Communication Sociology
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bülent İŞLER Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi
Byzantine Art, Art History
Asst. Prof. Dr. Derya BİDERCİ DİNÇ İSTANBUL AYVANSARAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Other Fields of Education (Other), British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture, Sociology of Quality of Life
Asst. Prof. Dr. Emrah BAŞARAN İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi 0000-0003-0389-9069
Sociology
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Erhan SOLMAZ UŞAK ÜNİVERSİTESİ İNSAN VE TOPLUM BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ
Turkish Folklore, South-East (Latest Uyghur/Uzbek) Turkic Dialects and Literatures
Prof. Dr. Fethi KAYALAR ERZINCAN BINALI YILDIRIM UNIVERSITY/FACULTY OF EDUCATION/DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES/DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION/
Education, Education Planning, Linguistics
Asst. Prof. Dr. Fuat DAŞ Bartın Üniversitesi Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulu
Arabic Language, Literature and Culture
Arabic Language, Literature and Culture
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hacer KARA NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Archeology of Seljuk, Bookbinding, Ceramic Glaze, Carpet, Rug and Weaving, Calligraphy, Miniature, Ornamentation, Crafts, Ceramic Design, Islamic Arts, History of Architecture, Art History, Urban in Art History , Archeology of Ottoman, Ottoman Culture and Art
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kerim SARIÇELİK NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Ottoman history, Late Modern Ottoman History, History Education
Prof. Mine GOZUBUYUK TAMER KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0001-6362-7626
Migration Sociology, Political Sociology
North American Language, Literature and Culture, British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture, Comparative and Transnational Literature
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ruhi Can ALKIN İZMİR KATİP ÇELEBİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Migration Sociology, Sociology, Educational Sociology
Ottoman history, Late Modern Ottoman History, History of Ottoman Minorities
Turkish Folklore in the Türkiye Field

The aim of Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters is to contribute to the training of the qualified researchers that our country needs by improving the quality of undergraduate and graduate education. In order to maintain this understanding, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters aims to educate highly qualified professionals, researchers, experts and scientists who provide their students with the knowledge and skills they need on a universal level, who have critical thinking, who can conduct research and produce projects on a universal scale, who can offer the produced projects at the service of society and who have chosen to be an institution that participates in providing university-society and university-industry cooperation. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD), which has been established within the Faculty of Letters, values excellence, cooperation, harmony, effectiveness and innovation in this direction in order to realise the mission of your Faculty.

The publications in the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University (KMU EFAD) will contribute theoretically and methodically to the social and human sciences and provide an environment for research to reach the international level. In this process, our journal aims to bring new perspectives and approaches to research in the social sciences.

Journal of the Faculty of Letters of Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University (KMU EFAD) is an international, scholarly, peer-reviewed online journal that includes original and compilation scientific research articles in the fields of social sciences and humanities, established in 2018. KMU EFAD is published twice a year, in June and December. The publication languages of KMU EFAD are Turkish and English. Research articles to be published in the journal must be prepared in accordance with the editorial policy and spelling rules of KMU EFAD and submitted to the editorial board.

1. KMU EFAD EDITORIAL RULES

  • Articles and studies to be submitted to KMU EFAD Journal must not have been previously published or submitted for publication.
  • The Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD) mainly publishes original research, original compilations, extended papers, original translations, book reviews, reviews, opinions and letters to the editor in Turkish in the field of social and human sciences.
  • Studies submitted to KMU Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) are carefully and objectively reviewed by the editorial board in the first stage. If the articles submitted to KMU EFAD do not comply with the spelling rules, the Editorial Board may reject the submitted articles outright. If the articles are written in accordance with KMU EFAD's publishing and writing rules, they are sent to three referees using the "double-blind" technique. After the positive report of at least two of the three referees, the studies will be published in the relevant issues after the necessary arrangements have been made.
  • In accordance with the double-blind technique, the names and institutions of the authors are removed from the original text and sent to peer reviewers. Information about the reviewers is not shared with the authors, and information about the authors is not shared with the reviewers under any circumstances.
  • The referee evaluation process is set to a maximum of 30 days. However, for those articles for which no feedback is provided, a new referee will be appointed and the referee process will start again for the study. The Arbitration Board membership of the referee who does not evaluate the paper within the specified time will be evaluated by the journal management.
  • The current status should be indicated as a footnote under the first page of the studies supported by an institution or organisation or prepared from master's or doctoral theses sent to the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD).
  • When the articles submitted to the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD) are sent to the authors for the necessary corrections after the refereeing process, the author cannot add or remove anything that remains outside the referee's recommendations and cannot change the original text.
  • The final version of the articles sent to the KMU Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) and approved for publication in accordance with the referee's recommendations will be sent back to the author for review. After the author's check, the papers that have passed the peer review process will be published according to the date of receipt.
  • All rights of the articles sent to the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD) are deemed to have been transferred to the journal by the author. For this process, a "Copyright
  • Transfer Form" is requested from the author. This form should be uploaded to the Dergipark application system with the article.
  • The responsibility (scientific ethics, plagiarism, etc.) of the articles sent to the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of KMU (KMU EFAD) rests with the author or authors unilaterally. EFAD cannot be put under any obligation in this regard.
  • Articles sent to KMU Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) are scanned with plagiarism detection programs called "iThenticate" or "Turnitin". In cases where the plagiarism rate is exceeded, the Editor group retains the authority to take the necessary sanctions. Studies may be rejected for this reason.
  • Please note that works that do not comply with the rules mentioned above will not be evaluated under any circumstances.
  • You can send your articles to be published in the KMU Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) at https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/efad


2. KMU EFAD WRITING AND REFERENCES RULES

The bibliography, imprint, in-text references and citation rules used and to be used in the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University (KMU EFAD) have been prepared on the basis of the references commonly used in the fields of social sciences and humanities.

  • The articles to be sent to the journal should be in a Word file in A4 format; 2 cm from the top and 1.5 cm from the bottom. 1.5 cm from the left and right. should be prepared accordingly.
  • Articles should be written in Times New Roman font with single line spacing. The title of the main article should be short, no more than 15 words, and should cover the topic; the words should be in capital letters, 12 point and bold. The title of the second article (in Turkish/English) should have the same meaning as the original title, the words should be in lower case, 12 point and bold.
  • The "Abstract" part of the article should be written in Turkish and English, with a minimum of 150 and a maximum of 350 words, reflecting the purpose, method and results of the research. If the language of the article is Turkish, "Oz" should come first, and if it is English, "Abstract" should come first. Keywords should be a minimum of 3 words and a maximum of 5 words.
  • Authors' names should be left blank after the title of the article, and the initials of the name(s) should be capitalised in 12 point size and bold; my genealogy should be written in all capitals. Authors' names should be aligned on the right-hand side of the page. Academic titles and other information should be given in footnotes in font size 10 (e.g., title, institution name and information, city/country. E-mail: ...., Orcid: ...).
  • First-level headings should be left-aligned, 12 point, bold and single-spaced, with the first letter of each word capitalised. Articles should clearly state the subject of the problem/study in the introduction. The title of the paper should not be numbered. The introduction should be followed by the method, if any, the results, the comments/discussion and the conclusion. There may be different sections for different areas. All other sections of the text should be written in 12 point font with single line spacing without breaking the formatting.
  • Second, third and fourth level subheadings should be left-aligned, 12 pt, lowercase with the first letters of words capitalised and bold.
  • Tables in the article should be formatted as required by their own content, with the table title numbered, above the table and centred.
  • Subheadings and numbering should not be used in the conclusion; articles may be sorted if desired.
  • If there are more than five authors, the names of the first five authors should be given in the bibliography, and the expression "et al" should be used after the fifth author.
  • In the text and titles, the abbreviation "Before Christ" should be given as BC, and the abbreviation "After Christ" should be given as AD.
  • At the end of the article; a statement of the researcher's contribution rate, a statement of support and acknowledgement, if any, and a conflict statement should be included.
  • If the date of publication of a work cannot be found, the date when copyright was last granted should be given; if the date information cannot be found at all, the abbreviation "n.y." should be used.
  • In the bibliography section, after the name of the person who prepared the publication, the abbreviation (Jun.) should be used instead of the author(s), and (Ed.) should be used instead of the editor(s).
  • In the bibliography section, the names of journals and books should be written in italics with the full name without abbreviation.
  • In the bibliography section, proceedings should be listed as "book", and a statement taken from the proceedings book should be listed as "book section".
  • In the Bibliography section, encyclopaedias, dictionaries, biographies, etc. should be listed. It should be written as "a chapter within a book" for information taken from a particular part of sources such as
  • In the bibliography section, encyclopaedia, dictionary, biography, etc. If the author of the articles is not known in the sources, the entry should be made using the name of the article.
  • In the case of dissertations to be used in the bibliography section, the words "Unpublished Master's Thesis", "Unpublished Doctoral Thesis" or "Unpublished Proficiency in Art" should be used after the name of the dissertation. The name of the university or institution where the degree was obtained must be given.
  • In the bibliography section, the imprint entry should be made with the name of the law in laws and regulations. After the name of the law, the date of adoption of the law (only in the year) and the date of the journal in which the law was published (as day, month, year) should be given at the end of the imprint.
  • In the bibliography section, in addition to the basic information in electronic resources, the date of access and the access address should be given; in the case of e-resources, the date of last update should be given as the date of publication.
  • In the bibliography section, personal interviews such as letters, emails, telephone conversations do not need to be included in the bibliography, but should be referenced in the text.


2.1. Bibliography Examples
Single Author Journal Article
Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Article name. Journal Name, volume (issue), page numbers.
Irzik, G. (1990). Karl Popper's theory of three worlds and the objectivity of scientific knowledge. Philosophy Debates, 7, 45-57.
In-text: (Irzık, 1990: 55) Footnote: Irzık, 1990: 55

Journal Article with Two Authors
Surname, A. & Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Article name. Journal Name, volume (issue), page numbers.
Wegener, D.T. & Petty, R.E. (1994). Mood management across affective states: The hedonic contingency hypothesis. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 66, 1034–1048.
In-text: (Wegener and Petty, 1994: 1042) Footnote: Wegener and Petty, 1994: 1042

Journal Articles with Three or more Authors
Surname, A., Surname, A., Surname, A., Surname, A. & Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Article name. Journal Name, volume (issue), page numbers.
Kandır, Y.S., Karadeniz, E., Özmen, M. and Önal, B.Ö. (2008). Investigation of the effects of growth indicators in the Turkish tourism sector on the financial performance of tourism enterprises. Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 1 (10), 211-237.
In-text: (Kandır et al., 2008: 220) Footnote: Kandır et al., 2008: 220

Journal Articles in Press
Surname, A. & Surname, A. (in publication). Article name. Journal Name.
Zuckermctn, M. & Kieffer, S.C. (in publication). Racial differences in facial expression: Does facial prominence indicate superiority? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
In-text: (Zuckermctn and Kieffer, y.a.) Footnote: Zuckermctn and Kieffer, y.a.

Single Author Books
Author, A. (Year of Publication). Book name. Place of publication, Publisher.
Musmal, H. (2009). The Antiquities Policy of the Ottoman Empire, The Case of Konya Province (1876-1914). Konya, Kömen Publications.
In-text: (Muşmal, 2009: 45) Footnote: Musmal, 2009: 45

Books with Three or more Authors
Author, A., Author, B., Author, C., Author, D., Author, E. & Author, E. (Year of Publication). Book name. Place of publication, Publisher.
Çevik, O., Doğanay, T. & Karaçayır, E. (2017). Social and Economic Profile of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Students. Ankara, Murat Bookstore.
In-text: (Çevik et al., 2017: 45) Footnote: Çevik et al., 2017: 45

Edited Books
Author, A. & Author, B. (Ed.). (Year of Publication). Book name. Place of publication, Publisher.
Gibbs, I.T. & Huang, L. N. (Ed.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass.
In-text: (Gibbs & Huang, 1991) Footnote: Gibbs & Huang, 1991

Books with Legal Entity (Institution) Authorship
Legal entity, (Year of Publication). Book name. Place of publication, Publisher.
Turkish Language Institution, (2017). Turkish dictionary. Ankara, Turkish Language Institution.
In-text: (Turkish Language Institution, 2017: 15-18) Footnote: Turkish Language Institution, 2017: 15-18

Books Without Authors
Book title (Print number) (Publication Year). Place of publication, Publisher.
Cambridge Turkish-English Dictionary (1st Ed.) (1985), Istanbul, Cambridge.
In-text: (Cambridge, 2000: 45) Footnote: Cambridge, 2000: 45

Translation Books
Author, A. (Year of Publication). Book title, (A. Surname, Trans.). Place of publication, Publisher, (The publication year of the reference work).
Danermark, B., Karlosson, J.C., Jakobsen, L. & Ekstrom, M. (2018). Explaining Society: Critical Realism in Social Sciences, (Ü. Tatlıcan, Trans.). Istanbul, Phoenix, (2001).
In-text: (Danermark et al., 2018: 65) Footnote: Danermark et al., 2018: 65

Chapter or Article in an Edited Book
Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Publication name. A. Editor (Jun./Ed.), Title of the book Inside (pp. page numbers of the publication), Place of publication, Publisher.
Cakir, M. (2016). Analysis of Policy Promises for Young Individuals in Election Proceedings. NETWORK. Baran & M. Çakır (Ed.), The Hope of Youth with an Interdisciplinary Approach Within Society's Expectations (pp. 107-125), Ankara, Hacettepe University Press.
In-text: (Çakır, 2016: 108-109) Footnote: Çakır, 2016: 108-109

Dictionary or Encyclopedia
Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Name of Dictionary or Encyclopedia (Print number, Volume number). Place of publication, Publisher.
Sadie, S. (Ed.). (1980). The new Grove dictionary of music and musicians (6. Bs., C. 1-20). London, Macmillan.
Gurun, O.A. (2001). Dictionary of Psychology (2nd ed., Vol. 1-3). Istanbul, Revolution.

Article in the Encyclopedia
Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Substance name. Encyclopedia Name (Print number, Volume number, Page number). Place of publication, Publisher.
Bergmann, P.G. (1993). Relativity. The new encyclopaedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago, Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Öncül, R. (2000). Psychology. Education and educational sciences dictionary (C. 1, pp. 501-503). Istanbul, National Education.
Note: If there is no author, bring the article to the beginning.

Published - Paper
Surname, A. (Year of Publication). Paper Name. A. Editor (Jun./Ed.), in the title of the book (page numbers), Place of Publication, Publisher.
Aircraft, N. (2005). Production, Access and Use of Knowledge in Social Sciences. O. Horata (Jun.), Periodicals in Social Sciences and Information Technologies Symposium: April 2, 2005 – Ankara: In Proceedings (pp. 92-103), Ankara, New Eurasia.
In-text: (Uçak, 2005: 96) Footnote: Aircraft, 2005: 96

Unpublished - Paper
Speaker, A. (Month Year). Paper name. Meeting Name, information presented in Meeting Place
Undated, Authorless Website
The name of the resource. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://link on Day Month Year.
TMMOBB Chamber of Mechanical Engineers Library Catalog Scan (n.d.). Retrieved 8 August 2000 from http://kutuphane.mmo.org.tr/tarama.php?hit=1.

Unpublished Doctorate / Master's / Proficiency in Art Theses
Surname, A. (Year). Thesis Name. Unpublished master's/doctoral thesis/proficiency in arts, Name of University, City.
Akkas, I. (2020). Roman and Early Byzantine/Late Roman Period trade relations in the Ancient City of Parion in the light of amphora finds between 2008-2019. Unpublished doctoral thesis, Mersin University, Mersin.
Özkaya Karaismailoğlu, A. (2006). Power debates in social theory; Marx, Nietzsche, Weber, Foucault. Unpublished master's thesis, Uludag University, Bursa.
In text: (Akkaş, 2020: 150-151) Footnote: Akkaş, 2020: 150-151

Anonymous
Anonymous, 1993. Summary of Agricultural Statistics. T.R. Prime Ministry State Institute of Statistics, Publication No: 1579, Ankara.

Internet Only Article
Author, A. (Month Year). Article name. Journal/Site Name, Issue. Retrieved from https://link on Day Month Year.
Fredrickson, B.L. (March 2000). Developing positive emotions to maximize health and well-being. Prevention&Treatment, 3, retrieved 20 November 2000 from http://:'journals.apa.org/volume3/pre301a. 

Chapter or Section in an Internet Document
Document Name. (Month year). Chapter/Chapter name. Retrieved from https://link on Day Month Year.
Benton Foundation. (July 7, 1998). Barriers to closing the gap. Losing ground bit by bit: Low- income communities in the information age. Retrieved August 18, 2001 from http://www.benton.org/Library/Low-Income/two.html. 

Undated, Authorless Website
The name of the resource. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://link on Day Month Year.
TMMOBB Chamber of Mechanical Engineers Library Catalog Scan (n.d.). Retrieved 8 August 2000 from http://kutuphane.mmo.org.tr/tarama.php?hit=1. 

KMU EFAD
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES AND PUBLICATION POLICY

In Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Literature Journal (KMU EFAD), publication processes are carried out in a way to serve the development of impartial and reputable knowledge. Within the scope of publication ethics, our journal adopts the principles of the International Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) "Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" and "Code of Conduct for Journal Publishers" and expects all stakeholders (readers, authors, referees, publishers and editors) to fulfil the following ethical responsibilities. The following ethical duties and responsibilities have been prepared in open access, taking into account the guidelines and policies published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and Council of Higher Education Institutions (CoHE) (see https://publicationethics.org). All stakeholders should pay attention to the standardised general and specific ethical rules and responsibilities shared below.
The management of our journal is committed to the successful execution and improvement of the article acceptance, evaluation and publication processes within the framework of ethical publishing rules. It welcomes the stakeholders and readers of the research to report plagiarism, duplicate publication, inaccuracy, suspicious content or situations they see in the reviews published in Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of Faculty of Letters to efad@kmu.edu.tr e-mail address. It reports the data and results obtained on the subject to the relevant parties and follows up.

1. STAKEHOLDER RESPONSIBILITIES
a) Editors' Responsibilities
KMU EFAD editor and assistant editors, Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors (COPE) published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors) will provide the following ethical duties and responsibilities. :
  • Editors have the responsibility and authority to accept or reject articles. They must use this responsibility and authority in a proper and timely manner.
  • Editors should prioritise academic concerns and criteria when accepting articles to the journal.
  • Editors should not be in a conflict of interest/relationship with the articles they accept or reject.
  • Editors should accept original articles that will contribute to the relevant fields specified in the journal policy.
  • Editors should reject incomplete and erroneous research that does not comply with the journal policy, publication rules and level without any influence.
  • Editors should allow inaccurate, incomplete and problematic articles to be withdrawn before or after the referee report or to be published after correction.
  • Editors are responsible for ensuring that manuscripts evaluated by at least two referees are evaluated according to a double-blind refereeing system and for keeping the names of referees and authors confidential.
  • Editors continue their work processes without compromising intellectual property rights and ethical standards.
  • The editors take responsibility for the plagiarism status of the articles through "Turnitin and/or Ithenticate" plagiarism programmes and whether they are unpublished original research.
  • The editors take into account the knowledge, skills and experience required by all readers, researchers and practitioners.
  • The editors take care that the published issues contribute to the reader, researcher, practitioner and the scientific field and are of original quality.
  • The editors ensure that all members of the advisory committee advance the processes in accordance with the publication policies and guidelines.
  • The editors inform the advisory committee members about the publication policies.
  • Editors ensure that advisory committee members evaluate their work independently.
  • Editors can contribute to new advisory board members and make decisions as appropriate.
  • Editors should submit manuscripts appropriate to the expertise of advisory board members for evaluation.
  • Editors interact regularly with the advisory board.
  • Editors organise regular meetings with the editorial board to discuss editorial policies and journal development.
  • The relationship between the editors (Editor and Associate Editors) and the publisher is based on the principle of editorial independence. According to the written agreement between the editors and the publisher, all decisions of the editors are independent of the publisher and the owner of the journal.
  • It is the duty of the editors to complete the preliminary review, refereeing, editing and publishing processes of the articles submitted to the journal in a timely and healthy manner.
b) Authors' responsibilities
  • It is the responsibility of the author to ensure that the submitted article is original and research-based in accordance with the specified academic fields.
  • The submitted article should not be contrary to scientific publication ethics (plagiarism, forgery, distortion, republication, slicing, unfair authorship, not specifying the supporting organisation).
  • The article should not be submitted to different journals/journals at the same time and should not have been published in another journal/journal before.
  • It is against the ethics of science to include the names of people who have not made academic contributions to the article as authors or to rank authors based on unscientific criteria such as title, age and gender without considering the order of contribution. It should not be suggested to change the order of authors, remove authors, or add authors to an article submitted for publication. In order for a study to be published, the consent of all authors must be obtained.
  • The author(s) are obliged to submit the raw data of the article to the editor if requested by the journal editors.
  • It is assumed that the authors submitting an article to the journal have read and accepted the journal's publication and writing principles, and the authors are deemed to have undertaken what is expected of them in these principles.
  • The references cited must be indicated in the bibliography and the "References" list must be prepared completely and accurately.
  • The author(s) are obliged to contact the editor to inform the editor, to correct or withdraw the article when they realise an error related to their articles in the evaluation and early view stage or published electronically.
  • The author(s) should take into account the Directive on Scientific Research and Publication Ethics as stated by the Council of Higher Education (CoHE).

c) Referees' responsibilities
  • Reviewers should evaluate the manuscript to be published in the journal with the responsibility to promote academic quality.
  • Reviewers should only accept to review manuscripts for which they have the necessary expertise to make an appropriate assessment, can observe blind reviewer confidentiality, and can keep the details of the manuscript confidential in every way.
  • During and after the manuscript review process, no information about the manuscript should be shared with others in any way.
  • Reviewers should only evaluate the accuracy of the content of the articles and their compliance with academic criteria.
  • The fact that the ideas put forward in the article differ from the referee's thoughts should not affect the evaluation.
  • Evaluations should be made impartially and referee reports should be objective and measured. Insulting, condescending and accusatory expressions should be avoided.
  • Referees should avoid superficial and vague statements in their evaluation reports. In evaluations with negative results, the deficient and defective issues on which the result is based should be shown concretely.
  • Referees should evaluate the manuscripts within the time allocated to them. If they will not evaluate the manuscript, they should notify the journal within a reasonable period of time.
  • There should be no conflict of interest between the referees and the stakeholders of the article under evaluation.
  • The completion of other articles, artefacts, references, citations, rules and similar deficiencies related to the article should be pointed out.
  • Based on the double-blind refereeing system, evaluated articles or referees are not disclosed.


2. GENERAL ACTIONS AGAINST SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND PUBLICATION ETHICS
a) Plagiarism: Presenting the ideas, methods, data, practices, writings, figures or works of others as one's own, in whole or in part, without attribution, in accordance with the rules of scientific ethics,
b) Fraud: Presenting data that is not based on research, editing or altering the presented or published work on the basis of untrue data, reporting or publishing these, presenting unexamined research as if it had been done,
c) Distortion: To falsify research records and data; to present methods, equipment, and materials not used in the research as if they had been used; to fail to evaluate data that do not conform to the research hypothesis; to manipulate data or results to conform to the theory or assumptions in question, in accordance with the interests of the persons and organisations receiving the funding; to falsify or distort research results,
d) Duplicate publication: Presenting more than one paper containing the same research results as separate papers in associate professor exams and academic promotions,
e) Slicing: Presenting the results of research as separate works in certain examination evaluations and academic incentives and promotions by dividing the results of research in a way that violates the integrity of the research, by dividing it into parts inappropriately, and by making multiple publications without reference to each other,
f) Unfair authorship: Adding people who have not actively contributed to the article as authors, not including those who have actively contributed among the authors, changing the order of authors unjustifiably and inappropriately, removing the names of those who have actively contributed from the work during publication or in subsequent editions, using their influence even though they have not actively contributed,
g) Other types of ethical violations: Failure to clearly identify the supporting persons, institutions or organisations and their contributions to the research in publications of supported research; Failure to follow ethical rules in research involving humans and animals; Failure to respect patients' rights in their publications; Sharing the information contained in the work with others before it is published; Misusing the resources, places, facilities and equipment provided or reserved for scientific research; Making completely unfounded, unsubstantiated and intentional allegations of ethical violations (CoHE Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive, Article 8).

3. PLAGIARISM POLICY
As of December 2018, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (EFAD) has started to check the studies submitted for publication through plagiarism programs (Turnitin or iThenticate). The author should also send the document showing the plagiarism rate with the work. Studies with a plagiarism rate of more than 15% (excluding references) are not evaluated and returned to the author. If a work published in the journal is found to be plagiarism, the Editorial Board reserves the right to take various actions, including retracting the article and reporting the issue to the department head, dean and/or relevant institutions in the institution where the author works.

4. OPEN ACCESS POLICY
Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) provides open access for the continuous and free use of its content in order to increase the global exchange of information and produce beneficial results for humanity. In this context, all articles published in the journal are accessible at https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/efad/archive. The entire content of the journal can be accessed free of charge by individuals and organisations. All users can read, download, copy, distribute, print, search and link to the full text of the articles published in the journal without permission from the authors or the journal management.
Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) has adopted an open-access policy with its publication. Open access increases the global exchange of information, resulting in beneficial results for humanity. KMU EFAD also supports the Budapest Open Access Initiative, adopted on 12 September 2012.
In this context, open access policies adopted by the editorial board of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) are available at http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/boai-10-translations/turkish-translation
All articles published in the Journal of the Faculty of Letters of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University (KMU EFAD) are licensed under the "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative 4.0 International License". This license; grants the right to reproduce, share and disseminate all published articles, data sets, graphics and attachments on data mining applications, search engines, websites, blogs and all other platforms, provided that the source is cited. Open access is an approach that facilitates interdisciplinary communication and encourages different disciplines to work with each other. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) provides added value to its field by providing more access to its articles and a more transparent evaluation process.

It is freely available under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence:

  • Share: You may copy and redistribute the work in any medium or format.

The following conditions must be observed:

  • Attribution: You must give proper credit, link to the licence, and provide information if changes have been made. You may do these things appropriately, but this does not imply that the licensee approves of you and your use.
  • Non-commercial: You may not use this material for commercial purposes.
  • Not Derivative: If you have mixed, transferred, or built upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
  • No additional restrictions: You may not impose legal conditions or technological measures that would legally restrict the use of the permissions provided by the licence.
Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) recommends that libraries include the content of the journal in the library catalogue records within the scope of its open access policy.
The publisher of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) undertakes not to charge subscriptions or fees for accessing electronic articles published from any library or reader.
As Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD), our DOI Number registration, provided by Crossref, has been started on October 23, 2020. All articles to be published in our journal will now have a DOI number. In this way, confusion has been avoided in the citations to all articles to be published in our journal, and you can access your articles uninterruptedly, precisely and easily whenever you want.

5. COPYRIGHT POLICY
Authors submitting manuscripts to our journal are required to read and approve the following copyright agreement while uploading their manuscripts to the online system of our journal.
Manuscripts submitted to our journal must not have been previously published in any medium or sent to any publication medium for publication.
Authors submitting manuscripts read and approve the following copyright notice text on the checklist screen while uploading their manuscripts to the online system of our journal. By ticking the "I declare that it complies with the above items" box at the end of the checklist, they are deemed to have accepted the copyright notice text.

Copyright Notice Text
Author(s);
1. That the submitted article is the original work of the author(s) and that they have not plagiarised,
2. That all authors have individually participated in this study and take full responsibility for this study,
3. That all authors have seen and approved the final version of the submitted manuscript,
4. That the article has not been published elsewhere or submitted for publication,
5. They accept and undertake that the text, figures and documents in the article do not violate the copyrights of other persons.

Authors are deemed to have accepted the following conditions by submitting their work to the journal under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence.
1. The copyright of the published article belongs to the author.
2. Authors authorise this Journal to publish the article and to identify itself as the original publisher.
3. Authors grant any third party the right to use the article freely, as long as the original authors and citation details are identified.
4. Nothing in this licence impairs or restricts an author's right to protect the integrity and ownership of their work.
5. All commercial rights related to the article belong to the authors.

6. PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA
The editors ensure the protection of personal data related to the subjects or images included in the evaluated work. Those who contribute to the journal (editors, authors and referees) are given documents showing their contributions upon request.

7. ETHICS COMMITTEE, HUMAN AND ANIMAL RIGHTS
Editors ensure the protection of human and animal rights in the reviewed works. The editors have the responsibility to refuse the study when there is no approval from the ethics committee on the subjects used in the study and there is no permission for experimental research. In studies that require ethics committee permission, information about the permission (name of the committee, date and number) should be included in the method section and also on the first/last page of the article. In case reports, it is necessary to include information that the informed consent/consent form was signed in the article.

8. POSSIBLE ABUSE AND FRAUD MEASURES
Editors take precautions against possible abuse and misconduct. In addition to conducting a rigorous and objective investigation regarding the detection and evaluation of complaints regarding this situation, the responsibilities of the editor share the relevant findings with the competent authorities.

9. ENSURING ACADEMIC PUBLICATION INTEGRITY
Editors ensure that decisions that include errors, inconsistencies or misleading in the works are corrected quickly.

10. PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Editors are obliged to protect the intellectual property rights of all published articles to defend the rights of the journal and authors in case of possible violations and to take the necessary measures to ensure that the content of all published articles does not violate the intellectual property rights of other publications.

11. CONSTRUCTION AND DISCUSSION
Editors take into account the criticisms to be made against the works published in the journal and display a constructive attitude towards these criticisms in line with the purpose and scope of the journal. The authors of the criticized works have the right to reply. Studies with negative results are rejected.

12. COMPLAINTS
Editors are responsible for carefully reviewing complaints and responding to authors, reviewers or readers in an enlightening and explanatory manner.

13. POLITICAL AND COMMERCIAL CONCERNS
The owner of the journal, its publisher and no other political or commercial factor can influence the independent decisions of the editors.

14. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Editors assure and assure authors and reviewers that the publication process of the journal will be maintained independently and impartially.

15. PRIVACY STATEMENT
Personal information such as names and e-mail addresses entered in the journal management system of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of the Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) will only be used for the scientific purposes of this journal. This information will not be used for any other purpose or department and will not be shared with third parties.

16. ARCHIVING POLICY
Metadata and full texts of all articles published in the Journal of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters (KMU EFAD) are stored in XML and .pdf formats on a 3rd party cloud server in an inaccessible manner. In addition, all articles are stored and presented in .pdf format on ULAKBİM servers through TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM Journals Database (DergiPark).

17. JOURNAL SECTION POLICY
Research Paper
+ Open Submissions + Indexed + Peer-reviewed
Review Article
+ Open Submissions + Indexed + Peer-reviewed
Compilation
+ Open Submissions + Indexed + Peer-reviewed
Translation
+ Open Submissions + Indexed + Peer-reviewed
Conference Paper
+ Open Submissions + Indexed + Peer-reviewed
Book Review
+ Open Submissions + Indexed + Peer-reviewed
Review Letter
+ Open Submissions + Indexed + Peer-reviewed
Interview
+ Open Submissions + Indexed - Peer-reviewed
Scientific News
+ Open Submissions + Indexed - Peer-reviewed
Opinion
+ Open Submissions + Indexed - Peer-reviewed
from the editor
- Open Submissions + Indexed - Peer-reviewed

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters Journal (KMU EFAD) does not charge any fees for the submission, evaluation and publication of articles.
Authors do not pay any article processing fee for the studies they send to the journal.

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Journal of Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Letters is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.