Investigation of Agronomic and Physiological Performances of Different Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars in Denizli Ecology

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 617 - 626, 26.06.2025

Tahsin Beycioğlu , Fatih Kıllı

https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.2.35

Abstract

In this study, agronomic, morphological, and physiological characteristics of 10 different peanut (A. hypogaea L.) cultivars were comparatively examined. Significant differences were detected among cultivars in terms of yield, pod and seed characteristics, shelling ratio, chlorophyll content, leaf area index, and oil content. The 'Florispan' cultivar had the highest yield (485.24 kg da-1), while the 'Halisbey' cultivar stood out with both high yield (476.91 kg da-1) and the highest oil content (57.28%). Correlation analysis showed a positive relationship between yield and leaf area index during flowering (r=0.21), and a negative relationship between yield and first-quality pod ratio (r=-0.31). Additionally, very strong positive correlations were found between 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight (r=0.91), and between oil content and chlorophyll b content during pod formation (r=0.59). Cluster analysis divided the cultivars into two main groups: Group X (Florispan, Sultan, Çom, Gazipaşa, Halisbey) included yield-focused cultivars, while Group Y (Masal, Georgia Green, Osmaniye-2005, Rigel, NC-7) contained quality-focused cultivars. Similarly, the examined characteristics were divided into two main clusters; Cluster A included yield and morphological characteristics, while Cluster B grouped physiological characteristics and oil content. Our findings emphasize that peanut cultivar selection should be made according to production purpose and highlight the importance of considering physiological characteristics' effects on yield and quality in breeding programs.

Keywords

Peanut (A. hypogaea L.) , Yield , Correlation

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