Research Article

The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language

Volume: 11 Number: 4 September 16, 2026

The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language

Abstract

Empathy is recognised as a critical dimension of effective oral communication in foreign language education; however, experimental studies confirming that empathy skills can be taught in the context of Turkish as a Foreign Language (TFL) are limited. The present study examined the effects of empathy-focused teaching practices and individual variables on empathy-based verbal communication in TFL. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test control group design, the study involved 350 undergraduate students from different universities in Turkey. Data were collected using an empathy tendency scale, a foreign language anxiety scale, and an empathic verbal communication assessment rubric. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a statistically significant interaction between time and group. The findings revealed that students who received empathy-focused education showed greater development than those in the control group, F (1, 348) = 42.67, p <.001, η² =.11. Multiple regression analysis revealed that empathy tendency positively affected post-test performance, while foreign language anxiety had a negative effect. The findings provide strong experimental evidence that empathy-based verbal communication is an educationally flexible skill that can be systematically developed through purposeful teaching practices in the context of TFL.

Keywords

empathic communication, Turkish as a foreign language, verbal skills, empathy-focused teaching

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University Scientific Research Ethics Committee on 27 November 2025 (Decision No: 461, Document No: E-95531838-050.99-156347).

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APA
Köçeri, K., & Akçay, A. (2026). The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age, 11(4), 344-353. https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1878897
AMA
1.Köçeri K, Akçay A. The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language. JOLTIDA. 2026;11(4):344-353. doi:10.53850/joltida.1878897
Chicago
Köçeri, Kılıç, and Ahmet Akçay. 2026. “The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish As a Foreign Language”. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age 11 (4): 344-53. https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1878897.
EndNote
Köçeri K, Akçay A (September 1, 2026) The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age 11 4 344–353.
IEEE
[1]K. Köçeri and A. Akçay, “The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language”, JOLTIDA, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 344–353, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.53850/joltida.1878897.
ISNAD
Köçeri, Kılıç - Akçay, Ahmet. “The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish As a Foreign Language”. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age 11/4 (September 1, 2026): 344-353. https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1878897.
JAMA
1.Köçeri K, Akçay A. The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language. JOLTIDA. 2026;11:344–353.
MLA
Köçeri, Kılıç, and Ahmet Akçay. “The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish As a Foreign Language”. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age, vol. 11, no. 4, Sept. 2026, pp. 344-53, doi:10.53850/joltida.1878897.
Vancouver
1.Kılıç Köçeri, Ahmet Akçay. The Effects of Empathy-Focused Teaching on Verbal Communication in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language. JOLTIDA. 2026 Sep. 1;11(4):344-53. doi:10.53850/joltida.1878897