Effect of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gut-Brain Axis

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 269 - 280, 02.09.2019

Merve Özer Gonca Özyurt Şebnem Tellioğlu Harsa

https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.613637

Cited By: 4

Öz

People
have been started to consume functional foods that promote health with changing
nutritional dynamics all over the world. Psychological signs such as level of daily
stress and emotional changes affect the microbiota negatively. Neuropsychiatric
disorders cause irregular release of neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutyric
acid; therefore, functional food ingredients can be used as therapeutic agents.
The purpose of this study is to review the positive impacts of prebiotics, and
probiotics, and functional foods containing these ingredients on the gut-brain
axis through the health of microbiota. The definition of probiotics and prebiotics and their neurotransmitters
secreted, the effects on neuropsychological health, the role of intestinal metabolic
disorders in the formation of neuropsychiatric diseases, the importance of
gut-brain axis on this mechanism are presented in the light of scientific researches
and current literature. In this study, the contribution of food biosciences into
this interdisciplinary area is highlighted.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Psychobiotics, Functional foods, Nutrition, Neuropsychiatric disorders, Neurotransmitter

Probiyotik ve Prebiyotiklerin Bağırsak-Beyin Aksına Etkisi

Öz

Tüm dünyada
değişen beslenme dinamikleri ile insanlar, sağlıklı yaşamı destekleyecek
fonksiyonel besinler tüketmeye yönelmektedir. Günümüz
yaşam koşullarında yaşanan stres düzeyi ve duygu değişimleri gibi psikolojik
belirtilerin bağırsak mikrobiyotasını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bireylerde
görülen nöropsikiyatrik bozukluklar, gama-amino
bütirik asit vb. nörotransmitterlerin
salınımındaki değişimlerde rol oynarken, fonksiyonel gıda bileşenleri terapötik
ürün olarak bu nöropsikiyatrik bozuklar üzerinde etkili olabilmektedir.
Derlemenin amacı, prebiyotik ve probiyotiklerin ve bunları içeren fonksiyonel
gıdaların mikrobiyota sağlığı, dolayısıyla bağırsak-beyin aksı üzerindeki
olumlu katkılarının incelenmesidir. Probiyotik ve prebiyotik tanımı, sentezledikleri
nörotransmiterler, nöropsikolojik sağlık üzerindeki etkileri, bağırsaklardaki
metabolik bozuklukların nöropsikiyatrik rahatsızlıkların meydana gelmesindeki
rolü, bağırsak-beyin ekseninin bu mekanizmadaki önemi bilimsel araştırmalar
ve güncel literatür ışığında sunulmaktadır, bu disiplinlerarası alanda gıda
biyobilimlerinin katkısının ve öneminin altı çizilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Psikobiyotik, Fonksiyonel Gıda, Beslenme, Nöropsikiyatrik bozukluklar, Nörotransmitter

Kaynakça

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