Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 81 - 100, 27.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.710217

Öz

Kaynakça

  • AlHassan, L., & Wood, D. (2015). The effectiveness of focused instruction of formulaic sequences in augmenting L2 learners' academic writing skills: A quantitative research study. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 17, 51-62.
  • Anthony, L. (2014). Antconc 3.2.4m [computer software]. Tokyo, Japan: Waseda University.
  • Bestgen, Y. (2017). Beyond single-word measures: L2 writing assessment, lexical richness and formulaic competence. System, 69, 65-78.
  • Biber, D., Conrad, S., & Cortes, V. (2004). If you look at…: Lexical bundles in university teaching and textbooks. Applied linguistics, 25(3), 371-405.
  • Biber, D. (2006). University language: A corpus-based study of spoken and written registers. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Biber, D. (2009). A corpus-driven approach to formulaic language in English: Multi-word patterns in speech and writing. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 14 (3), 275-311.
  • Biber, D., & Gray, B. (2010). Challenging stereotypes about academic writing: Complexity, elaboration, explicitness. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 9(1), 2–20.
  • Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G., Conrad, S., & Finegan, E. (1999). Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. London: Longman.
  • Boers, F., & Lindstromberg, S. (2012). Experimental and intervention studies on formulaic sequences in a second language. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 32, 83-110.
  • Chen, Y. H., & Baker, P. (2010). Lexical bundles in L1 and L2 academic writing. Language Learning & Technology, 14(2), 30–49.
  • Cheng, W., Greaves, C., & Warren, M. (2006). From n-gram to skipgram to concgram. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 11(4), 411-43.
  • Cunningham, J. K. (2017). A phraseological exploration of recent mathematics research articles through key phrase frames. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 25, 71-83.
  • Ding, Y. (2007). Text memorization and imitation: the practices of successful Chinese learners of English. System, 35(2), 271-280.
  • Eeg-Olofsson, M., & Altenberg, B. (1994). Discontinuous recurrent word combinations in the London-Lund Corpus. In U. Fries, G. Tottie and P. Schneider (Eds.). Creating and csing English language corpora: Papers from the fourteenth international conference on English language research on computerized corpora Zurich 1993 (pp. 63-77). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Ellis, N. C., Simpson-Vlach, R., & Maynard, C. (2008). Formulaic language in native and second language speakers: Psycholinguistics, corpus linguistics, and TESOL. TESOL Quarterly, 42(3), 375-396.
  • Fang, Z., Schleppegrell, M., & Cox, B. (2006). Understanding the language demands of schooling: nouns in academic registers. Journal of Literacy Research, 38(3), 247–273.
  • Firth, J. R. (1957). A synopsis of linguistic theory, 1930-1955. Studies in Linguistic Analysis (pp. 1-32). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Fletcher, W. H. (2006). Phrases in English. Retrieved from http://phrasesinenglish.org/.
  • Fletcher, W. H. (2002–2007). KfNgram. Annapolis: USNA. Retrieved from http://www.kwicfinder.com/ kfNgram/kfNgramHelp.html.
  • Fletcher, W. H. (2011). KfNgram. Annapolis, MD: USNA.
  • Forchini, P., & Murphy, A. (2008). N-grams in comparable specialized corpora: Perspectives on phraseology, translation, and pedagogy. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 13(3), 351-367.
  • Forsyth, R. S., & Grabowski, L. (2015). Is there a formula for formulaic language? Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287157710.
  • Fuster-Márquez, M. (2014). Lexical bundles and phrase frames in the language of hotel websites. English Text Construction, 7(1), 84-121.
  • Fuster-Márquez, M., & Pennock-Speck, B. (2015). Target frames in British hotel websites. International Journal of English Studies, 15(1), 51-69.
  • Garner, R. J. (2016). A phrase-frame approach to investigating phraseology in learner writing across proficiency levels. International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 2(1), 31–68. https://doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.2.1.02garissn 2215–1478/
  • Gilmore, A., & Millar, N. (2018). The language of civil engineering research articles: A corpus-based approach. English for Specific Purposes, 51, 1-17.
  • Golparvar, S. E., & Barabadi, E. (2020). Key phrase frames in the discussion section of research articles of higher education. Lingua, 102804.
  • Grabowski, L (2015). Phrase Frames in English Pharmaceutical Discourse: a corpus-driven study of interdisciplinary register variation. Research in Language, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.1515/rela-2015-0025
  • Gray, B., & Biber, D. (2013). Lexical frames in academic prose and conversation. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 18, 109-136.
  • Hunston, S. (2002). Corpora in applied linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hunston, S. (2008). Starting with the small words: Patterns, lexis and semantic sequences. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 13(3), 271-295.
  • Hyland, K. (2007). Genre pedagogy: Language, literacy and L2 writing instruction. Journal of Second Language Writing, 16(3), 148-164.
  • Hyland, K. (2008). As can be seen: Lexical bundles and disciplinary variation. English for Specific Purposes, 27(1), 4-21.
  • Hyland, K., & Jiang, F. (2016). Change of attitude? A diachronic study of stance. Written Communication, 33(3), 251-274.
  • Jalali, H., & Zarei, G. R. (2016). Academic writing revisited: a phraseological analysis of applied linguistics high-stake genres from the perspective of lexical bundles. The Journal of Teaching Language Skills (JTLS) 7(4), 87-114. ISSN: 2008-8191.
  • Jiang, N., & Nekrasova, T. (2007). The processing of formulaic sequences by second language speakers. The Modern Language Journal, 91(3), 433–445. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00589x
  • Jones, M., & Haywood, S. (2004). Facilitating the acquisition of formulaic sequences: an exploratory study in an EAP context. In N. Schmitt (Ed.), Formulaic sequences: Acquisition, processing, and use (pp. 269-300). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Lewis, M. (2000). Materials and resources for teaching collocation. In M. Lewis (Ed.), Teaching collocations: Further developments in the lexical approach (pp.186-204). Boston, MI: Heinle.
  • Li, J., & Schmitt, N. (2009). The acquisition of lexical phrases in academic writing: a longitudinal case study. Journal of Second Language Writing, 18(2), 85-102.
  • Lu, X., Yoon, J., & Kisselev, O. (2018). A phrase-frame list for social science research article introductions. Journal of English for Academic Purposes. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2018.09.004
  • Martinez, R., & Schmitt, N. (2012). A phrasal expressions list. Applied Linguistics, 33, 299-320.
  • O’Keefe, A., McCarthy, M., & Carter, R. (2007). From Corpus to Classroom. Language Use and Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Renouf, A., & Sinclair, J. McH. (1991). Collocational frameworks in English. In K. Aijmer & B. Altenberg (Eds.). English Corpus Linguistics (pp. 128-143). London: Longman.
  • Römer, U. (2009). The inseparability of lexis and grammar: Corpus linguistic perspectives. Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics, 7, 141–163.
  • Römer, U. (2010). Establishing the phraseological profile of a text type: The construction of meaning in academic book reviews. English Text Construction, 3(1), 95–119.
  • Schmitt, N. (2013). Formulaic Language and Collocation. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics (pp. 1-7), Edited by Carol, A. Chapelle: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0433
  • Simpson-Vlach, R., & Ellis, N. C. (2010). An academic formulas list: New methods in phraseology research. Applied linguistics, 31, 487-512.
  • Sinclair, J. McH. (1991). Corpus concordance collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Sinclair, J. McH. (2004). Trust the Text. Language, corpus and discourse. London: Routledge.
  • Sinclair, J. McH. (2008a). The phrase, the whole phrase, and nothing but the phrase. In S. Granger and F. Meunier (Eds.), Phraseology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective (pp. 407–410). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Sinclair, J. McH. (2008b). Preface. In S. Granger & F. Meunier (Eds.), Phraseology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective (pp. xv–xviii). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Siyanova-Chanturia, A., & Martinez, R. (2015). The idiom principle revisited. Applied Linguistics 36(5), 549–569.
  • Stubbs, M. (2002). Two quantitative methods of studying phraseology in English. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 7(2), 215-24.
  • Stubbs, M. (2007). An example of frequent English phraseology: Distributions, structures and functions. In R. Facchinetti (Ed.), Corpus Linguistics 25 Years On (pp. 89-105). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Svartvik, J. (1990). The London Corpus of Spoken English. Lund: Lund University Press.
  • Win, Y., & Masada, T. (2015). Exploring Technical Phrase Frames from Research Paper Titles. 29th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/WAINA.2015.37

A phraseological examination of research articles in the field of environment using key phrase frame

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 81 - 100, 27.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.710217

Öz

Given that formulaic sequences play an important role in enhancing L2 learners' academic writing skills and that phraseological sequences constitute a large proportion of written discourse, the current study was an attempt to draw up a list of key phrase frames– phraseological sequences with a variable slot– in a corpus of research articles (RAs) in the field of environment. A complete list of such frames, extracted by kfNgram software, was subjected to a series of corpus statistics such as frequency, range, and keyness, as well as manual filtering. This resulted in the generation of 65 four-word and 20 five-word key phrase frames specific to the field of environment. Structural analysis revealed that the vast majority of these key phrase frames were content word sequences, while functionally most of them belonged to referential expressions. Pedagogically speaking, L2 learners are recommended to develop a rich repertoire of formulaic sequences such as key phrase frames which are considered the cornerstone of academic discourse.

Kaynakça

  • AlHassan, L., & Wood, D. (2015). The effectiveness of focused instruction of formulaic sequences in augmenting L2 learners' academic writing skills: A quantitative research study. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 17, 51-62.
  • Anthony, L. (2014). Antconc 3.2.4m [computer software]. Tokyo, Japan: Waseda University.
  • Bestgen, Y. (2017). Beyond single-word measures: L2 writing assessment, lexical richness and formulaic competence. System, 69, 65-78.
  • Biber, D., Conrad, S., & Cortes, V. (2004). If you look at…: Lexical bundles in university teaching and textbooks. Applied linguistics, 25(3), 371-405.
  • Biber, D. (2006). University language: A corpus-based study of spoken and written registers. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Biber, D. (2009). A corpus-driven approach to formulaic language in English: Multi-word patterns in speech and writing. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 14 (3), 275-311.
  • Biber, D., & Gray, B. (2010). Challenging stereotypes about academic writing: Complexity, elaboration, explicitness. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 9(1), 2–20.
  • Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G., Conrad, S., & Finegan, E. (1999). Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. London: Longman.
  • Boers, F., & Lindstromberg, S. (2012). Experimental and intervention studies on formulaic sequences in a second language. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 32, 83-110.
  • Chen, Y. H., & Baker, P. (2010). Lexical bundles in L1 and L2 academic writing. Language Learning & Technology, 14(2), 30–49.
  • Cheng, W., Greaves, C., & Warren, M. (2006). From n-gram to skipgram to concgram. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 11(4), 411-43.
  • Cunningham, J. K. (2017). A phraseological exploration of recent mathematics research articles through key phrase frames. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 25, 71-83.
  • Ding, Y. (2007). Text memorization and imitation: the practices of successful Chinese learners of English. System, 35(2), 271-280.
  • Eeg-Olofsson, M., & Altenberg, B. (1994). Discontinuous recurrent word combinations in the London-Lund Corpus. In U. Fries, G. Tottie and P. Schneider (Eds.). Creating and csing English language corpora: Papers from the fourteenth international conference on English language research on computerized corpora Zurich 1993 (pp. 63-77). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Ellis, N. C., Simpson-Vlach, R., & Maynard, C. (2008). Formulaic language in native and second language speakers: Psycholinguistics, corpus linguistics, and TESOL. TESOL Quarterly, 42(3), 375-396.
  • Fang, Z., Schleppegrell, M., & Cox, B. (2006). Understanding the language demands of schooling: nouns in academic registers. Journal of Literacy Research, 38(3), 247–273.
  • Firth, J. R. (1957). A synopsis of linguistic theory, 1930-1955. Studies in Linguistic Analysis (pp. 1-32). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Fletcher, W. H. (2006). Phrases in English. Retrieved from http://phrasesinenglish.org/.
  • Fletcher, W. H. (2002–2007). KfNgram. Annapolis: USNA. Retrieved from http://www.kwicfinder.com/ kfNgram/kfNgramHelp.html.
  • Fletcher, W. H. (2011). KfNgram. Annapolis, MD: USNA.
  • Forchini, P., & Murphy, A. (2008). N-grams in comparable specialized corpora: Perspectives on phraseology, translation, and pedagogy. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 13(3), 351-367.
  • Forsyth, R. S., & Grabowski, L. (2015). Is there a formula for formulaic language? Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287157710.
  • Fuster-Márquez, M. (2014). Lexical bundles and phrase frames in the language of hotel websites. English Text Construction, 7(1), 84-121.
  • Fuster-Márquez, M., & Pennock-Speck, B. (2015). Target frames in British hotel websites. International Journal of English Studies, 15(1), 51-69.
  • Garner, R. J. (2016). A phrase-frame approach to investigating phraseology in learner writing across proficiency levels. International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 2(1), 31–68. https://doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.2.1.02garissn 2215–1478/
  • Gilmore, A., & Millar, N. (2018). The language of civil engineering research articles: A corpus-based approach. English for Specific Purposes, 51, 1-17.
  • Golparvar, S. E., & Barabadi, E. (2020). Key phrase frames in the discussion section of research articles of higher education. Lingua, 102804.
  • Grabowski, L (2015). Phrase Frames in English Pharmaceutical Discourse: a corpus-driven study of interdisciplinary register variation. Research in Language, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.1515/rela-2015-0025
  • Gray, B., & Biber, D. (2013). Lexical frames in academic prose and conversation. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 18, 109-136.
  • Hunston, S. (2002). Corpora in applied linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hunston, S. (2008). Starting with the small words: Patterns, lexis and semantic sequences. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 13(3), 271-295.
  • Hyland, K. (2007). Genre pedagogy: Language, literacy and L2 writing instruction. Journal of Second Language Writing, 16(3), 148-164.
  • Hyland, K. (2008). As can be seen: Lexical bundles and disciplinary variation. English for Specific Purposes, 27(1), 4-21.
  • Hyland, K., & Jiang, F. (2016). Change of attitude? A diachronic study of stance. Written Communication, 33(3), 251-274.
  • Jalali, H., & Zarei, G. R. (2016). Academic writing revisited: a phraseological analysis of applied linguistics high-stake genres from the perspective of lexical bundles. The Journal of Teaching Language Skills (JTLS) 7(4), 87-114. ISSN: 2008-8191.
  • Jiang, N., & Nekrasova, T. (2007). The processing of formulaic sequences by second language speakers. The Modern Language Journal, 91(3), 433–445. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00589x
  • Jones, M., & Haywood, S. (2004). Facilitating the acquisition of formulaic sequences: an exploratory study in an EAP context. In N. Schmitt (Ed.), Formulaic sequences: Acquisition, processing, and use (pp. 269-300). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Lewis, M. (2000). Materials and resources for teaching collocation. In M. Lewis (Ed.), Teaching collocations: Further developments in the lexical approach (pp.186-204). Boston, MI: Heinle.
  • Li, J., & Schmitt, N. (2009). The acquisition of lexical phrases in academic writing: a longitudinal case study. Journal of Second Language Writing, 18(2), 85-102.
  • Lu, X., Yoon, J., & Kisselev, O. (2018). A phrase-frame list for social science research article introductions. Journal of English for Academic Purposes. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2018.09.004
  • Martinez, R., & Schmitt, N. (2012). A phrasal expressions list. Applied Linguistics, 33, 299-320.
  • O’Keefe, A., McCarthy, M., & Carter, R. (2007). From Corpus to Classroom. Language Use and Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Renouf, A., & Sinclair, J. McH. (1991). Collocational frameworks in English. In K. Aijmer & B. Altenberg (Eds.). English Corpus Linguistics (pp. 128-143). London: Longman.
  • Römer, U. (2009). The inseparability of lexis and grammar: Corpus linguistic perspectives. Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics, 7, 141–163.
  • Römer, U. (2010). Establishing the phraseological profile of a text type: The construction of meaning in academic book reviews. English Text Construction, 3(1), 95–119.
  • Schmitt, N. (2013). Formulaic Language and Collocation. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics (pp. 1-7), Edited by Carol, A. Chapelle: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0433
  • Simpson-Vlach, R., & Ellis, N. C. (2010). An academic formulas list: New methods in phraseology research. Applied linguistics, 31, 487-512.
  • Sinclair, J. McH. (1991). Corpus concordance collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Sinclair, J. McH. (2004). Trust the Text. Language, corpus and discourse. London: Routledge.
  • Sinclair, J. McH. (2008a). The phrase, the whole phrase, and nothing but the phrase. In S. Granger and F. Meunier (Eds.), Phraseology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective (pp. 407–410). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Sinclair, J. McH. (2008b). Preface. In S. Granger & F. Meunier (Eds.), Phraseology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective (pp. xv–xviii). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Siyanova-Chanturia, A., & Martinez, R. (2015). The idiom principle revisited. Applied Linguistics 36(5), 549–569.
  • Stubbs, M. (2002). Two quantitative methods of studying phraseology in English. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 7(2), 215-24.
  • Stubbs, M. (2007). An example of frequent English phraseology: Distributions, structures and functions. In R. Facchinetti (Ed.), Corpus Linguistics 25 Years On (pp. 89-105). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Svartvik, J. (1990). The London Corpus of Spoken English. Lund: Lund University Press.
  • Win, Y., & Masada, T. (2015). Exploring Technical Phrase Frames from Research Paper Titles. 29th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/WAINA.2015.37
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Dilbilim
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Elyas Barabadi Bu kişi benim

Mohammad Ali Robatjazi Bu kişi benim

Mokarrameh Bayat Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Mart 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Barabadi, E., Robatjazi, M. A., & Bayat, M. (2020). A phraseological examination of research articles in the field of environment using key phrase frame. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 6(1), 81-100. https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.710217