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Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning

Sayı: 2026 29 Eylül 2026
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Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning

Öz

DNA sequence identification of selected vector species complexes of Simuliidae (Simulium equinum, Simulium metallicum, Simulium callidum, Simulium damnosum and Simulium ochraceum) was tested via machine learning methods. The cytochrome oxidase I gene region was used for comparisons. Sequence data obtained from the NCBI database were converted to digital format with 2-bit one-hot coding. SVM (Support Vector Machines), LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis), Logistic Regression, and Random Forest algorithms were applied to classify the data. The 5-fold cross-validation method was used to compare the algorithm performances. The SVM model achieved the highest accuracy as a robust classifier for DNA-based species identification.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Simuliidae, COI, Machine learning, 2-bit one-hot Encoding, Vector

Teşekkür

The author gratefully acknowledges Dr. Elis Soylu Yılmaz (Department of Mathematics, Eskişehir Osmangazi University) for her intellectual contributions and for inspiring the initial idea of this research. The author also wishes to thank Dr. Arzu Altın Yavuz (Department of Statistics, Eskişehir Osmangazi University) for her expert review and verification of the analytical results. Finally, and most importantly the author expresses special thanks to Dr. Peter H. Adler (Emeritus Professor, Clemson University, USA) for his valuable advice concerning the manuscript and checking the English language.

Kaynakça

  1. Adler, P.H. (2025). World blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A comprehensive revision of the taxonomic and geographical inventory. [online]. Website https://biomia.sites.clemson.edu/pdfs/blackflyinventor y.pdf [Accessed 21 May 2025]
  2. Adler, P.H., Borkent, A., Hamada, N., & McCreadie, J.W. (2017). Biodiversity of Simulium metallicum sensu lato (Diptera: Simuliidae), a complex of Neotropical vectors associated with human onchocerciasis. Acta Tropica 173, 171-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.06.017
  3. Adler, P.H. & McCreadie, J.W. (2019). Black flies (Simuliidae). In: G. R. Mullen and L. A. Durden (Eds.) Medical and Veterinary Entomology. 3rd edition San Diego. US: Elsevier.
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  10. Chandra, R. (2025). Comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms on biological datasets for classification tasks. arXiv preprint arXiv: 2508. 15106. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15106

Kaynak Göster

APA
Fidan, E. C. (2026). Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 2026. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1989248
AMA
1.Fidan EC. Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences. 2026;(2026). doi:10.35229/jaes.1989248
Chicago
Fidan, Ebru Ceren. 2026. “Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning”. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, sy 2026. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1989248.
EndNote
Fidan EC (01 Eylül 2026) Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences 2026
IEEE
[1]E. C. Fidan, “Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning”, Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, sy 2026, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.35229/jaes.1989248.
ISNAD
Fidan, Ebru Ceren. “Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning”. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences. 2026 (01 Eylül 2026). https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1989248.
JAMA
1.Fidan EC. Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences. 2026. doi:10.35229/jaes.1989248.
MLA
Fidan, Ebru Ceren. “Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning”. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, sy 2026, Eylül 2026, doi:10.35229/jaes.1989248.
Vancouver
1.Ebru Ceren Fidan. Differentiation of Vector Species Using COI-Based Data: A Case Study of Simuliidae (Diptera) with Multi-Class Machine Learning. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences. 01 Eylül 2026;(2026). doi:10.35229/jaes.1989248