Investigating the effects of climate change on the perception of safe food and consumption behaviors in Turkey

Öz

Climate change and necessary changes in the food production chain affect consumers' attitudes and behaviors and shape the market order. In this study, the consumer's perspective on changes in production was questioned and their attitudes and behaviors were examined. The research was conducted by surveying 1013 people in 40 provinces representing the whole country. According to the findings, 90% of consumers prefer fresh local products and buy frozen products when fresh products are not available (36.75%). It was found that the most concerned factor in food consumption is products obtained from genetically modified organisms (GMO) (40.32%). It was stated that foodborne diseases are caused by microorganisms (50.30%). In addition, it was stated that the safety of food is important (26.06%), and criteria such as taste (4.87%), appearance (15.63%), and cheapness (42.31%) are not taken into consideration if the food is safe. As a result, it was determined that consumers in Turkey should be enlightened with scientific data and their awareness should be increased by stating that many issues of concern will become more intertwined with climate change.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Climate change
• Food safety
• Sociodemographic structure
• Consumer perception
• Consumer behavior

İklim değişiminin Türkiye’de güvenli gıda algısı ve tüketim davranışlarına etkisinin incelenmesi

Öz

İklim değişikliği ile gıda üretim zincirinde meydana gelen zaruri değişimler tüketicinin tutum ve davranışlarını etkilemekte ve piyasa düzenini şekillendirmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, üretimde yaşanan değişikliklere tüketicinin bakış açısı sorgulanmış, tutum ve davranışları incelenmiştir. Araştırma, ülke genelini temsilen 40 ilde 1013 kişiye anket uygulaması ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgulara göre, tüketicilerin %90’ı yerli ürünleri taze haliyle tercih etmekte, taze ürüne ulaşılamadığında ise dondurulmuş (%36.75) ürünleri satın almaktadır. Gıda tüketiminde en çok endişe duyulan unsur, genetiği değiştirilmiş organizmalardan (GDO) elde edilen ürünler (%40.32) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Gıda kaynaklı hastalanmalara mikroorganizmaların (%50.30) neden olduğu ifade edilmiştir. Ayrıca gıdanın güvenli olmasının önemsendiği (%26.06), ve gıdanın güvenli olması halinde lezzet (%4.87), görüntü (%15.63), ucuzluk (%42.31) gibi kriterlerin dikkate alınmadığı belirtilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye’de tüketicilerin bilimsel veriler ile aydınlatılması, endişe duyulan birçok konunun iklim değişimi ile daha da iç içe olacağının ifade edilerek, farkındalıklarının artırılması gerektiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İklim değişimi
• Gıda güvenliği
• Sosyo-demografik yapı
• Tüketici algısı
• Tüketici davranışları

Kaynakça

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