İyi ve Zayıf Okuyucular için Okuduğunu Anlama: Kuramsal ve Ampirik Açıdan Bir Bakış

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 369 - 393, 01.06.2019

Mustafa Kocaarslan

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.433448

Cited By: 7

Öz

Okuma becerisi bireylerin akademik ve yaşamsal başarısı açısından
eşsiz bir yere sahiptir. “Matthew Ekisi” adlı bir teori, iyi ve zayıf
okuyucuların uzun bir zaman diliminde birbirlerinden nasıl farklılaştığını ve
iyi okuyucuların zayıf okuyuculara göre başta kademik başarı olmak üzere diğer pek
çok alanda nasıl belirgin üstünlükler kazandığını gözler önüne sermektedir.
Okuma becerisinin özünü ise grafiksel sembolleri çözümleyip seslendirme
yapmanın ötesinde bir anlam arayışı ve ona ulaşma süreci olan okuduğunu anlama
becerisi oluşturmaktadır. Okuduğunu anlama, odak noktası okunan şeylerin
anlamını yapılandırma ve yorumlama olan karmaşık, çok boyutlu ve dinamik bir
süreçtir. Güncel literatüre dayalı bir derleme çalışması olan bu araştırmada,
iyi ve zayıf okuyucular için okuduğunu anlam süreci hem teorik ve hem de güncel
araştırmalar ışığında çok yönlü ve bütünsel bir bakış açısıyla incelenmiştir.
Okumanın Temel Teorisi, temel ve üst düzey dil becerileri ve göreve özgü
süreçler olarak bilinen yürütücü işlevlerin okuduğunu anlama üzerindeki etkileri
ele alınarak önemli bilgi ve açıklamalara yer verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İyi ve zayıf okuyucular, okuduğunu anlama, Mattew Etkisi, Okumanın Temel Teorisi, temel ve üst düzey dil becerileri, yürütücü işlevler

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