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Dördüncü Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Akranlarının Problem Çözümlerini Analiz Etme Durumlarının İncelenmesi

Year 2020, Summer, 253 - 268, 18.08.2020
https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.686126

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin, yaşıtları tarafından çözülmüş problemlerle ilgili düşüncelerinin ve matematik dilini kullanma durumlarının incelenmesidir. Araştırma bir durum çalışmasıdır. Çalışma grubunu Ordu il merkezinde yer alan bir ilköğretim okulunda dördüncü sınıfa devam eden 23 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri, çalışma grubu dışındaki dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri tarafından çözülmüş problemleri içeren çözüm kağıtları aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Veriler örnek çözüm yollarına ilişkin öğrencilerle yapılan görüşme sonucu elde edilmiş ve veriler üzerinde içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin, kendi fikirlerini matematik dilini kullanarak ifade etme durumlarına yönelik ulaşılan sonuçlarda matematiksel bir durum hakkında konuşurken problem bağlamını ve çözümü kavrayıp metin ve çözüm arasında ilişki kurabildikleri, bu ilişkiyi cümlelerinde neden-sonuç ifadelerine yer vererek açıklayabildikleri görülmektedir. Az da olsa öğrencilerin bazıları sunulan matematiksel durumu (çözümü) betimlemenin ötesine gidememişlerdir. Öğrencilerin bir başkasının çözümünü değerlendirme durumları incelendiğinde, öğrencilerin çoğunun verilen problem çözümlerine yönelik gösterim ve işlemleri doğru tespit ettikleri, hatta bazı öğrencilerin eksik gösterim ve çözüm üzerine öneri getirdikleri görülmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlardan yola çıkarak; öğrenme ortamlarında öğrencilerin kavrama düzeylerinin ortaya çıkarılmasında onlara konuşma imkânı sunmanın önemli bir öğrenme ve düzey belirlemede önemli bir aracı olduğunu söylenebilir.

References

  • Alkan, H. ve Güzel, E. B. (2005). Öğretmen adaylarında matematiksel düşünmenin gelişimi. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(3).
  • Bali, G. Ç. (2002). Matematik öğretiminde dil ölçeği. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(23).
  • Bargh, J. A.ve Schul, Y. (1980). On the cognitive benefits of teaching. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72(5), 593.
  • Beaton, A. E. (1996). Mathematics Achievement in The Middle School Years. Boston: TIMSS International Study Center.
  • Bilgin, N. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde içerik analizi: teknikler ve örnekler çalışmalar. Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Bogdan, R. C. ve Sari Knopp Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theories and methods, (5th Edition). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  • Chi, M. T. H. (2000). Self-explaining expository texts: The dual processes of generating inferences and repairing mental models. In R. Glaser (Ed.), Advances in instructional psychology: Educational design and cognitive science (pp. 161–238). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Cobb, Yackel ve Wood. (1992). A Contructivist altenrnative to the representational view of Mind in Mathematics Education. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. 23: (pp 2-33).
  • Common Core State Standards Initiative (CCSSI). (2010). Common Core State Standards for Mathematics. Washington, DC: National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and the Council of Chief State School Officers.
  • Creswell, J. W. ve Miller, D. L. (2000). Determining validity in qualitative inquiry. Theory into practice, 39(3), 124-130.
  • Çalıkoğlu-Bali, G. (2003). Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının Matematik Öğretiminde Dile İlişkin Görüşleri. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 25, 19-25.
  • de Garcia, L. A. (2013). How to get students talking! Generating math talk that supports math learning. Retrieved from Math Solutions
  • Dreyfus, T. (2007). Processes of Abstraction in Context the Nested Epistemic Actions Model.
  • Ekiz, D., (2003). Eğitimde Araştırma Yöntem ve Metotlarına Giriş: Nitel, Nicel ve Eleştirel Kuram Metodolojileri. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. (1978). Language as social semiotic. London: Edward Arnold.
  • Hintz, A. (2014). Strengthening discussions. Teaching Children Mathematics, 20(5), 318–324.
  • Hintz, A. ve Kazemi, E. (2014). Talking about Math. Educational Leadership, 72(3), 36-40.
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma ve yöntemi (30. baskı). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım
  • Mayer, R. E. (1985). Implications of cognitive psychology for instruction in 94 mathematical problem solving. Teaching and learning mathematical problem solving: Multiple research perspectives, 123-138.
  • Maykut, P. ve Morehouse, R. (1994). Beginning qualitative research: A philosophical and practical guide. London: Falmer.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2018). Matematik dersi öğretim programı (İlkokul ve Ortaokul 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar). Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basımevi. http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay.aspx?PID=222 sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Moschkovich, J. N. (1999). Supporting the participation of English language learners in mathematical discussions. For the Learning of Mathematics, 19(1), 11–19.
  • National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics.
  • O’Donnell, A. M. (2006). The role of peers and group learning. In P. Alexander & P. Winne (Eds.) Handbook of educational psychology (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • O’Halloran, K. L. (2000). Classroom discourse in mathematics: A multisemiotic analysis. Linguistics and Education, 10(3), 359–388.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2018). The future of education and skills: Education 2030.
  • Polya, G. (2006). How to Solve It. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University
  • Schleppegrell, M. J. (2007). The linguistic challenges of mathematics teaching and learning: A research review. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 23(2), 139-159.
  • Senemoğlu, N. (2018). Gelişim öğrenme ve öğretim: Kuramdan uygulamaya. Anı Yayıncılık. 26.Basım
  • Silverman, D. (2005). Doing research: A practical handbook (2nd ed.). London: Sage
  • Umay, A. (2002). Öteki matematik. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(23).
  • Webb, N. M. (2009). The teacher's role in promoting collaborative dialogue in the classroom. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 79(1), 1-28.
  • Webb, N. M., Franke, M. L., De, T., Chan, A. G., Freund, D., Shein, P. ve Melkonian, D. K. (2009). ‘Explain to your partner’: teachers' instructional practices and students' dialogue in small groups. Cambridge Journal of Education, 39(1), 49-70.
  • Webb, N. M., Franke, M. L., Ing, M., Turrou, A. C., Johnson, N. C. ve Zimmerman, J. (2017). Teacher practices that promote productive dialogue and learning in mathematics classrooms. International Journal of Educational Research.
  • Webb, N. M., Franke, M. L., Ing, M., Wong, J., Fernandez, C. H., Shin, N. ve Turrou, A. C. (2014). Engaging with others’ mathematical ideas: Interrelationships among student participation, teachers’ instructional practices, and learning. International Journal of Educational Research, 63, 79-93.
  • Yetkin Özdemir, İ. E. ve Pape, S. J. (2013). The Role of Interactions Between Student and Classroom Context in Developing Adaptive Self‐Efficacy in One Sixth‐Grade Mathematics Classroom. School Science and Mathematics, 113(5), 248-258.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (8. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yin, R. K. (2003). Case study research, designs and methods (3rd Edition). California: Sage Publications.

Fourth-Grade Students' Situation of Analyzing Their Peers Problem-Solving Examples

Year 2020, Summer, 253 - 268, 18.08.2020
https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.686126

Abstract

In mathematics, the usage of language seen as an essential component to ensure the attendance of students, and students' need to be able to use the mathematical language efficiently. To acquire mathematical language skills, activities, which students can share their strategies and analyze them, are required. Since not all strategies are of equal value, students need to learn how to analyze others' strategies and intentions to identify their strengths and weaknesses, in other words, to criticize them. From this point, the student should not only express his / her ideas but should be able to talk about the thoughts or strategies of others. It is believed these activities can be useful for improving high-level thinking skills such as critical thinking, reasoning, and association. So it is necessary to investigate whether students are interested in others' ideas and how they express those ideas. From this point, this study aims to examine the fourth-grade students' analysis of the problem solutions of their peers' and express their ideas about these solutions by using mathematical language. This research is a case study. The study group consists of 23 students attending fourth grade in an elementary school in Ordu, Turkey. The data collected through the papers contain the solutions of fourth-grade students outside the study group. A content analysis carried on the data collected from the interviews with the students about sample solutions. According to findings; if the student understands the problem context and solution, he/she can develop a connection between the text and the solution while talking about the situation and can explain this connection by giving cause-effect statements in their talkings. Otherwise, the students could not go beyond describing the given mathematical situation. These results propose it is a critical learning and measurement tool to encourage students to share their thoughts in classrooms. According to the findings, it can be said that strong or weak language usage is also related to the level of comprehension of the problem context. It is believed that the conclusions can contribute to the understanding of the students' strategies and can enhance expressing their ideas through mathematical language. The findings of this study and some questions emerged are valuable for teachers and researchers intending to improve student achievement. As reported in the research results, some of the students described only the situation instead of evaluating the strategy. Mathematical conversations and strategy sharing exercises that teachers can make in their classrooms is an important application for eliminating this situation.

References

  • Alkan, H. ve Güzel, E. B. (2005). Öğretmen adaylarında matematiksel düşünmenin gelişimi. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(3).
  • Bali, G. Ç. (2002). Matematik öğretiminde dil ölçeği. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(23).
  • Bargh, J. A.ve Schul, Y. (1980). On the cognitive benefits of teaching. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72(5), 593.
  • Beaton, A. E. (1996). Mathematics Achievement in The Middle School Years. Boston: TIMSS International Study Center.
  • Bilgin, N. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde içerik analizi: teknikler ve örnekler çalışmalar. Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Bogdan, R. C. ve Sari Knopp Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theories and methods, (5th Edition). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  • Chi, M. T. H. (2000). Self-explaining expository texts: The dual processes of generating inferences and repairing mental models. In R. Glaser (Ed.), Advances in instructional psychology: Educational design and cognitive science (pp. 161–238). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Cobb, Yackel ve Wood. (1992). A Contructivist altenrnative to the representational view of Mind in Mathematics Education. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. 23: (pp 2-33).
  • Common Core State Standards Initiative (CCSSI). (2010). Common Core State Standards for Mathematics. Washington, DC: National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and the Council of Chief State School Officers.
  • Creswell, J. W. ve Miller, D. L. (2000). Determining validity in qualitative inquiry. Theory into practice, 39(3), 124-130.
  • Çalıkoğlu-Bali, G. (2003). Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının Matematik Öğretiminde Dile İlişkin Görüşleri. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 25, 19-25.
  • de Garcia, L. A. (2013). How to get students talking! Generating math talk that supports math learning. Retrieved from Math Solutions
  • Dreyfus, T. (2007). Processes of Abstraction in Context the Nested Epistemic Actions Model.
  • Ekiz, D., (2003). Eğitimde Araştırma Yöntem ve Metotlarına Giriş: Nitel, Nicel ve Eleştirel Kuram Metodolojileri. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. (1978). Language as social semiotic. London: Edward Arnold.
  • Hintz, A. (2014). Strengthening discussions. Teaching Children Mathematics, 20(5), 318–324.
  • Hintz, A. ve Kazemi, E. (2014). Talking about Math. Educational Leadership, 72(3), 36-40.
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma ve yöntemi (30. baskı). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım
  • Mayer, R. E. (1985). Implications of cognitive psychology for instruction in 94 mathematical problem solving. Teaching and learning mathematical problem solving: Multiple research perspectives, 123-138.
  • Maykut, P. ve Morehouse, R. (1994). Beginning qualitative research: A philosophical and practical guide. London: Falmer.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2018). Matematik dersi öğretim programı (İlkokul ve Ortaokul 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar). Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basımevi. http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay.aspx?PID=222 sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Moschkovich, J. N. (1999). Supporting the participation of English language learners in mathematical discussions. For the Learning of Mathematics, 19(1), 11–19.
  • National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics.
  • O’Donnell, A. M. (2006). The role of peers and group learning. In P. Alexander & P. Winne (Eds.) Handbook of educational psychology (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • O’Halloran, K. L. (2000). Classroom discourse in mathematics: A multisemiotic analysis. Linguistics and Education, 10(3), 359–388.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2018). The future of education and skills: Education 2030.
  • Polya, G. (2006). How to Solve It. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University
  • Schleppegrell, M. J. (2007). The linguistic challenges of mathematics teaching and learning: A research review. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 23(2), 139-159.
  • Senemoğlu, N. (2018). Gelişim öğrenme ve öğretim: Kuramdan uygulamaya. Anı Yayıncılık. 26.Basım
  • Silverman, D. (2005). Doing research: A practical handbook (2nd ed.). London: Sage
  • Umay, A. (2002). Öteki matematik. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(23).
  • Webb, N. M. (2009). The teacher's role in promoting collaborative dialogue in the classroom. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 79(1), 1-28.
  • Webb, N. M., Franke, M. L., De, T., Chan, A. G., Freund, D., Shein, P. ve Melkonian, D. K. (2009). ‘Explain to your partner’: teachers' instructional practices and students' dialogue in small groups. Cambridge Journal of Education, 39(1), 49-70.
  • Webb, N. M., Franke, M. L., Ing, M., Turrou, A. C., Johnson, N. C. ve Zimmerman, J. (2017). Teacher practices that promote productive dialogue and learning in mathematics classrooms. International Journal of Educational Research.
  • Webb, N. M., Franke, M. L., Ing, M., Wong, J., Fernandez, C. H., Shin, N. ve Turrou, A. C. (2014). Engaging with others’ mathematical ideas: Interrelationships among student participation, teachers’ instructional practices, and learning. International Journal of Educational Research, 63, 79-93.
  • Yetkin Özdemir, İ. E. ve Pape, S. J. (2013). The Role of Interactions Between Student and Classroom Context in Developing Adaptive Self‐Efficacy in One Sixth‐Grade Mathematics Classroom. School Science and Mathematics, 113(5), 248-258.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (8. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yin, R. K. (2003). Case study research, designs and methods (3rd Edition). California: Sage Publications.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Saniye Nur Ergan 0000-0003-4782-7710

Neşe Tertemiz 0000-0003-2001-2888

Publication Date August 18, 2020
Acceptance Date March 9, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Summer

Cite

APA Ergan, S. N., & Tertemiz, N. (2020). Dördüncü Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Akranlarının Problem Çözümlerini Analiz Etme Durumlarının İncelenmesi. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(7), 253-268. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.686126

IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / IBAD Journal of Social Sciences / IBAD

IBAD is under review EBSCO, SCOPUS, E-SCI and TÜBİTAK/ULAKBİM(TR) SBVT.