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Gıda Kayıp ve İsrafının Azaltılmasında Gıda Bankacılığı

Yıl 2021, Kış, 291 - 310, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.844971

Öz

Gıda tedarik zincirinin çeşitli aşamalarında meydana gelen kayıplar sebebiyle, dünyada üretilen gıdaların üçte birlik kısmı yok olmaktadır. Bu durumun neticesinde, insanlar açlık ve yetersiz beslenme ile birlikte küresel olarak çözülmesi gereken gıda kaybı ve israf sorunlarına odaklanmıştır. Kaybolan veya israf edilen gıdanın üretimi için kullanılan su, enerji, toprak, emek ve sermaye girdilerinin miktarı düşünüldüğünde, durumun önemi daha açık hale gelmektedir. Buna ek olarak gelecekte insan nüfusunun artması gıdaya olan talebi de artıracaktır. Bu nedenle, tarımsal üretimin artırılması, insanlar için gerekli olan gıdanın karşılanması için bir çözüm yolu olarak görülmektedir. Fakat gıdaların üretiminde kullanılan kaynakların sınırlı olması; daha fazla üretmekten çok üretilen gıdanın korunmasına yönelik önleyici tedbirlerin alınmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu kapsamdaki çözüm yollarından bir tanesi olan gıda bankaları; işletmelerin stoklarında bulunup, çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı değerini kaybeden ve bu nedenle atılma ihtimali bulunan insan tüketimine uygun gıdaları, ihtiyacı olan insanlara ulaştırmada görev alan organizasyonlar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Gıda bankaları bu sistem aracılığıyla hem açlık hem yoksulluk hem de israfın önlenmesine katkıda bulunmakta ve gıdaya herkesin adaletli biçimde ulaşmasını kolaylaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Gıda bankaları sadece yoksul tüketicilere fayda sağlamamakta, ayrıca bağış yapan şirketlere de vergi avantajı yaratmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu makalede gıda kayıp ve israfların nedenleri, kayıpların meydana geldiği gıda grupları, meydana gelen ekonomik kayıplar, gıda bankacılığının kapsamı, sağladığı avantajlar, uygulamada görülen zorluklar ve bu sorunlara ilişkin çözüm önerileri hakkında bilgi verilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Abdulla, M., Martin, R., Gooch, M. ve Jovel, E. (2013). The importance of quantifying food waste in Canada. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 3(2), 137-151.
  • Abiad, M. G. ve Meho, L. I. (2018). Food loss and food waste research in the Arab world: A systematic review. Food Security, 10(2), 311-322.
  • Akartepe, B. B. (2016). Türkiye’de gıda bankacılığı ve zekat ile ilişkisi. İlemblog, 4, 1-11.
  • Akgül, A. (2004). Açlığın önlenmesinde gıda bankacılığı. Türkiye İsrafı Önleme Vakfı, 1-40.
  • Bazerghi, C., McKay, F. H. ve Dunn, M. (2016). The role of food banks in addressing food insecurity: a systematic review. Journal of community health, 41(4), 732-740.
  • Booth, S. ve Whelan, J. (2014). Hungry for change: the food banking industry in Australia. British Food Journal, 116(9), 1392-1404.
  • Bräutigam, K.-R., Jörissen, J. ve Priefer, C. (2014). The extent of food waste generation across EU-27: Different calculation methods and the reliability of their results. Waste Management & Research, 32(8), 683-694.
  • Buzby, J. C. ve Hyman, J. (2012). Total and per capita value of food loss in the United States. Food Policy, 37(5), 561-570.
  • Caraher, M., Cavicchi, A., van der Horst, H., Pascucci, S. ve Bol, W. (2014). The “dark side” of food banks? Exploring emotional responses of food bank receivers in the Netherlands. British Food Journal.
  • Cicatiello, C., Franco, S., Pancino, B., Blasi, E. ve Falasconi, L. (2017). The dark side of retail food waste: Evidences from in-store data. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 125, 273-281.
  • Çankaya, F. (2006). Yoksulluğun giderilmesinde yeni arayışlar: Gıda bankacılığı ve muhasebe işlemleri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 155-172.
  • Çuhadar, S. G. (2017). Sosyal politika ile klientalizm ilişkisi; gıda bankacılığı üzerinden bir değerlendirme. Calisma ve Toplum, 53(2).
  • Davis, L. B., Sengul, I., Ivy, J. S., Brock, L. G. ve Miles, L. (2014). Scheduling food bank collections and deliveries to ensure food safety and improve access. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 48(3), 175-188.
  • de Gorter, H., Drabik, D., Just, D. R., Reynolds, C. ve Sethi, G. (2020). Analyzing the economics of food loss and waste reductions in a food supply chain. Food Policy, 101953.
  • Dhami, K. S. (2020). Postharvest loss reduction for sustainable food and environmental security. Food and Scientific Reports, 1, 38-40.
  • Dhir, A., Talwar, S., Kaur, P. ve Malibari, A. (2020). Food waste in hospitality and food services: A systematic literature review and framework development approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 270, 122861.
  • Eren, M. (2012). Fakirlere yardım etmek maksadıyla kurulan gıda bankacılığının vergisel boyutu ve muhasebeleştirilmesi. Mali Çözüm, 229-252.
  • FA. (2019). Feeding America. 2019 Annual Report. 17 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.feedingamerica.org/sites/default/files/2020-06/FA_2019_AnnReport_d8.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • FAO. (2016). Food and Agriculture Organization. Food waste: A global challenge, a local solution. 15 Aralık 2020 tarihinde http://www.fao.org/cfs/home/blog/blog-articles/article/en/c/449010/ adresinden erişildi.
  • FAO. (2019). Food and Agriculture Organization. Dünyada gıda güvenliği ve beslenme durumu - 2019. 15 Aralık 2020 tarihinde http://www.fao.org/3/ca5249tr/ca5249tr.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • FEBA. (2019). European Food Banks Federation. Annual report 2019. 17 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://lp.eurofoodbank.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/FEBA_2019_Annual_Report_FINAL.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • FEBA. (2020). European Food Banks Federation. Our mission. 16 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.eurofoodbank.org/en/mission-vision-values adresinden erişildi.
  • Filimonau, V. ve De Coteau, D. A. (2019). Food waste management in hospitality operations: A critical review. Tourism Management, 71, 234-245.
  • Gentilini, U. (2013). Banking on food: The state of food banks in high‐income countries. IDS Working Papers, 2013(415), 1-18.
  • GFN. (2020). The Global FoodBanking Network. 2020 Annual report. 17 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.foodbanking.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/GFN-2020-Annual-Report.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Gooch, M., Felfel, A. ve Marenick, N. (2010). Food waste in Canada: opportunities to increase the competitiveness of Canada's agri-food sector, while simultaneously improving the environment. Value Chain Management Centre, Kasım, 1-16.
  • Graham-Rowe, E., Jessop, D. C. ve Sparks, P. (2014). Identifying motivations and barriers to minimising household food waste. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 84, 15-23.
  • Handforth, B., Hennink, M. ve Schwartz, M. B. (2013). A qualitative study of nutrition-based initiatives at selected food banks in the feeding America network. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 113(3), 411-415.
  • Irwin, J. D., Ng, V. K., Rush, T. J., Nguyen, C. ve He, M. (2007). Can food banks sustain nutrient requirements? Canadian Journal of Public Health, 98(1), 17-20.
  • Ishangulyyev, R., Kim, S. ve Lee, S. H. (2019). Understanding food loss and waste—Why are we losing and wasting food? Foods, 8(8), 297.
  • Johnson, L. K., Bloom, J. D., Dunning, R. D., Gunter, C. C., Boyette, M. D. ve Creamer, N. G. (2019). Farmer harvest decisions and vegetable loss in primary production. Agricultural Systems, 176, 102672.
  • Kala, E. S. (2020). Türkiye'de gıda bankacılığı mevzuatı ve uygulamaları. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 18(3), 190-211.
  • Koç, G. ve Uzmay, A. (2019). Küresel gıda güvencesinin izlenmesi ve haritalanması üzerine bir değerlendirme. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2).
  • Krishna, A. ve Hagen, L. (2019). Out of proportion? The role of leftovers in eating-related affect and behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 81, 15-26.
  • Kummu, M., de Moel, H., Porkka, M., Siebert, S., Varis, O. ve Ward, P. J. (2012). Lost food, wasted resources: Global food supply chain losses and their impacts on freshwater, cropland, and fertiliser use. Science of The Total Environment, 438, 477-489.
  • Lemaire, A. ve Limbourg, S. (2019). How can food loss and waste management achieve sustainable development goals? Journal of Cleaner Production, 234, 1221-1234.
  • Lintsen, H., Veraart, F., Smits, J.-P. ve Grin, J. (2018). Well-being, Sustainability and Social Development: The Netherlands 1850–2050: Springer Nature.
  • Lipinski, B., Hanson, C., Lomax, J., Kitinoja, L., Waite, R. ve Searchinger, T. (2013). Reducing food loss and waste. World Resources Institute Working Paper, 1, 1-40.
  • Lohnes, J. ve Wilson, B. (2018). Bailing out the food banks? Hunger relief, food waste, and crisis in Central Appalachia. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 50(2), 350-369.
  • Michelini, L., Principato, L. ve Iasevoli, G. (2018). Understanding food sharing models to tackle sustainability challenges. Ecological Economics, 145, 205-217.
  • Oral, Z. (2015). Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de gıda israfı ve önlenmesine yönelik uygulamalar (AB uzmanlik tezi).
  • Öğüz, A. A. ve Akarçay, Ç. (2015). Türkiye’de uygulanan gıda bankacılığı sisteminin işleyişi ve vergisel avantajlarının diğer ülkelerle karşılaştırılması. Öneri, 11(44), 1.
  • Özden, E. (2019). Vergi avantajları boyutuyla gıda bankacılığı sistemi. Mali Çözüm, 29, 123-143.
  • Priefer, C., Jörissen, J. ve Bräutigam, K.-R. (2016). Food waste prevention in Europe–A cause-driven approach to identify the most relevant leverage points for action. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 109, 155-165.
  • Quested, T. ve Johnson, H. (2009). Household food and drink waste in the UK: Wastes & Resources Action Programme (WRAP).
  • Raut, R. D., Gardas, B. B., Narwane, V. S. ve Narkhede, B. E. (2019). Improvement in the food losses in fruits and vegetable supply chain - a perspective of cold third-party logistics approach. Operations Research Perspectives, 6, 100117.
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Food Banking in Reducing Food Loss and Waste

Yıl 2021, Kış, 291 - 310, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.844971

Öz

One third of the food produced in the world has been lost due to losses occurring at various stages of the food supply chain. This situation caused people to focus on food loss and wastage problems that need to be solved globally as well as hunger and malnutrition. When considered the amount of water, energy, land, labor and capital inputs used for the production of food lost or wasted, the importance of the situation becomes clearer. Moreover, the increase in the human population in the future will increase the food demand. For this reason, increasing agricultural production is seen as a solution to meet the food required for humans. However, the fact that the resources used in the production of food are limited causes preventive measures to be taken to protect the produced food rather than producing more.
One of the solutions within this scope is the food banks. Food banks are defined as organizations participating to deliver the food which is proper for human consumption, is in the stocks of businesses and loses their nutritional value due to various reasons and are likely to be disposed of to the people in need. Through this system, food banks contribute to the prevention of hunger, poverty and waste, and aim to facilitate fair access to food for everyone. Food banks not only benefit poor consumers, but also provide tax advantage for grantor companies. For this reason, this study gives information about the reasons for food loss and waste, the food groups where the losses occur, the economic losses that occur, the scope of food banking, their advantages, the difficulties seen in practice and the solution suggestions for these problems.

Kaynakça

  • Abdulla, M., Martin, R., Gooch, M. ve Jovel, E. (2013). The importance of quantifying food waste in Canada. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 3(2), 137-151.
  • Abiad, M. G. ve Meho, L. I. (2018). Food loss and food waste research in the Arab world: A systematic review. Food Security, 10(2), 311-322.
  • Akartepe, B. B. (2016). Türkiye’de gıda bankacılığı ve zekat ile ilişkisi. İlemblog, 4, 1-11.
  • Akgül, A. (2004). Açlığın önlenmesinde gıda bankacılığı. Türkiye İsrafı Önleme Vakfı, 1-40.
  • Bazerghi, C., McKay, F. H. ve Dunn, M. (2016). The role of food banks in addressing food insecurity: a systematic review. Journal of community health, 41(4), 732-740.
  • Booth, S. ve Whelan, J. (2014). Hungry for change: the food banking industry in Australia. British Food Journal, 116(9), 1392-1404.
  • Bräutigam, K.-R., Jörissen, J. ve Priefer, C. (2014). The extent of food waste generation across EU-27: Different calculation methods and the reliability of their results. Waste Management & Research, 32(8), 683-694.
  • Buzby, J. C. ve Hyman, J. (2012). Total and per capita value of food loss in the United States. Food Policy, 37(5), 561-570.
  • Caraher, M., Cavicchi, A., van der Horst, H., Pascucci, S. ve Bol, W. (2014). The “dark side” of food banks? Exploring emotional responses of food bank receivers in the Netherlands. British Food Journal.
  • Cicatiello, C., Franco, S., Pancino, B., Blasi, E. ve Falasconi, L. (2017). The dark side of retail food waste: Evidences from in-store data. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 125, 273-281.
  • Çankaya, F. (2006). Yoksulluğun giderilmesinde yeni arayışlar: Gıda bankacılığı ve muhasebe işlemleri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 155-172.
  • Çuhadar, S. G. (2017). Sosyal politika ile klientalizm ilişkisi; gıda bankacılığı üzerinden bir değerlendirme. Calisma ve Toplum, 53(2).
  • Davis, L. B., Sengul, I., Ivy, J. S., Brock, L. G. ve Miles, L. (2014). Scheduling food bank collections and deliveries to ensure food safety and improve access. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 48(3), 175-188.
  • de Gorter, H., Drabik, D., Just, D. R., Reynolds, C. ve Sethi, G. (2020). Analyzing the economics of food loss and waste reductions in a food supply chain. Food Policy, 101953.
  • Dhami, K. S. (2020). Postharvest loss reduction for sustainable food and environmental security. Food and Scientific Reports, 1, 38-40.
  • Dhir, A., Talwar, S., Kaur, P. ve Malibari, A. (2020). Food waste in hospitality and food services: A systematic literature review and framework development approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 270, 122861.
  • Eren, M. (2012). Fakirlere yardım etmek maksadıyla kurulan gıda bankacılığının vergisel boyutu ve muhasebeleştirilmesi. Mali Çözüm, 229-252.
  • FA. (2019). Feeding America. 2019 Annual Report. 17 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.feedingamerica.org/sites/default/files/2020-06/FA_2019_AnnReport_d8.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • FAO. (2016). Food and Agriculture Organization. Food waste: A global challenge, a local solution. 15 Aralık 2020 tarihinde http://www.fao.org/cfs/home/blog/blog-articles/article/en/c/449010/ adresinden erişildi.
  • FAO. (2019). Food and Agriculture Organization. Dünyada gıda güvenliği ve beslenme durumu - 2019. 15 Aralık 2020 tarihinde http://www.fao.org/3/ca5249tr/ca5249tr.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • FEBA. (2019). European Food Banks Federation. Annual report 2019. 17 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://lp.eurofoodbank.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/FEBA_2019_Annual_Report_FINAL.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • FEBA. (2020). European Food Banks Federation. Our mission. 16 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.eurofoodbank.org/en/mission-vision-values adresinden erişildi.
  • Filimonau, V. ve De Coteau, D. A. (2019). Food waste management in hospitality operations: A critical review. Tourism Management, 71, 234-245.
  • Gentilini, U. (2013). Banking on food: The state of food banks in high‐income countries. IDS Working Papers, 2013(415), 1-18.
  • GFN. (2020). The Global FoodBanking Network. 2020 Annual report. 17 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.foodbanking.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/GFN-2020-Annual-Report.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Gooch, M., Felfel, A. ve Marenick, N. (2010). Food waste in Canada: opportunities to increase the competitiveness of Canada's agri-food sector, while simultaneously improving the environment. Value Chain Management Centre, Kasım, 1-16.
  • Graham-Rowe, E., Jessop, D. C. ve Sparks, P. (2014). Identifying motivations and barriers to minimising household food waste. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 84, 15-23.
  • Handforth, B., Hennink, M. ve Schwartz, M. B. (2013). A qualitative study of nutrition-based initiatives at selected food banks in the feeding America network. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 113(3), 411-415.
  • Irwin, J. D., Ng, V. K., Rush, T. J., Nguyen, C. ve He, M. (2007). Can food banks sustain nutrient requirements? Canadian Journal of Public Health, 98(1), 17-20.
  • Ishangulyyev, R., Kim, S. ve Lee, S. H. (2019). Understanding food loss and waste—Why are we losing and wasting food? Foods, 8(8), 297.
  • Johnson, L. K., Bloom, J. D., Dunning, R. D., Gunter, C. C., Boyette, M. D. ve Creamer, N. G. (2019). Farmer harvest decisions and vegetable loss in primary production. Agricultural Systems, 176, 102672.
  • Kala, E. S. (2020). Türkiye'de gıda bankacılığı mevzuatı ve uygulamaları. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 18(3), 190-211.
  • Koç, G. ve Uzmay, A. (2019). Küresel gıda güvencesinin izlenmesi ve haritalanması üzerine bir değerlendirme. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2).
  • Krishna, A. ve Hagen, L. (2019). Out of proportion? The role of leftovers in eating-related affect and behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 81, 15-26.
  • Kummu, M., de Moel, H., Porkka, M., Siebert, S., Varis, O. ve Ward, P. J. (2012). Lost food, wasted resources: Global food supply chain losses and their impacts on freshwater, cropland, and fertiliser use. Science of The Total Environment, 438, 477-489.
  • Lemaire, A. ve Limbourg, S. (2019). How can food loss and waste management achieve sustainable development goals? Journal of Cleaner Production, 234, 1221-1234.
  • Lintsen, H., Veraart, F., Smits, J.-P. ve Grin, J. (2018). Well-being, Sustainability and Social Development: The Netherlands 1850–2050: Springer Nature.
  • Lipinski, B., Hanson, C., Lomax, J., Kitinoja, L., Waite, R. ve Searchinger, T. (2013). Reducing food loss and waste. World Resources Institute Working Paper, 1, 1-40.
  • Lohnes, J. ve Wilson, B. (2018). Bailing out the food banks? Hunger relief, food waste, and crisis in Central Appalachia. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 50(2), 350-369.
  • Michelini, L., Principato, L. ve Iasevoli, G. (2018). Understanding food sharing models to tackle sustainability challenges. Ecological Economics, 145, 205-217.
  • Oral, Z. (2015). Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de gıda israfı ve önlenmesine yönelik uygulamalar (AB uzmanlik tezi).
  • Öğüz, A. A. ve Akarçay, Ç. (2015). Türkiye’de uygulanan gıda bankacılığı sisteminin işleyişi ve vergisel avantajlarının diğer ülkelerle karşılaştırılması. Öneri, 11(44), 1.
  • Özden, E. (2019). Vergi avantajları boyutuyla gıda bankacılığı sistemi. Mali Çözüm, 29, 123-143.
  • Priefer, C., Jörissen, J. ve Bräutigam, K.-R. (2016). Food waste prevention in Europe–A cause-driven approach to identify the most relevant leverage points for action. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 109, 155-165.
  • Quested, T. ve Johnson, H. (2009). Household food and drink waste in the UK: Wastes & Resources Action Programme (WRAP).
  • Raut, R. D., Gardas, B. B., Narwane, V. S. ve Narkhede, B. E. (2019). Improvement in the food losses in fruits and vegetable supply chain - a perspective of cold third-party logistics approach. Operations Research Perspectives, 6, 100117.
  • Reich, A. H. ve Foley, J. A. (2014). Food loss and waste in the US: The science behind the supply chain. University of Minnesota. Food Policy Research Center, 1-4.
  • Reynolds, C. J., Mirosa, M. ve Clothier, B. (2016). New Zealand’s food waste: estimating the tonnes, value, calories and resources wasted. Agriculture, 6(1), 9.
  • RG. (2020). Resmi Gazete. Veteriner hizmetleri, bitki sağlığı, gıda ve yem kanunu. 15 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2010/06/20100613-12.htm adresinden erişildi.
  • Richter, B. ve Bokelmann, W. (2016). Approaches of the German food industry for addressing the issue of food losses. Waste Management, 48, 423-429.
  • Rohini, C., Geetha, P. S., Vijayalakshmi, R., Mini, M. L. ve Pasupathi, E. (2020). Global effects of food waste. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(2), 690-699.
  • Ross, M., Campbell, E. C. ve Webb, K. L. (2013). Recent trends in the nutritional quality of food banks’ food and beverage inventory: case studies of six California food banks. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition, 8(3), 294-309.
  • Sayın, Z. (2013). Sosyal sorumluluk kapsamında gıda bankacılığı sistemi ve bir uygulama.
  • Tarasuk, V., Dachner, N., Hamelin, A.-M., Ostry, A., Williams, P., Bosckei, E., Poland, B. ve Raine, K. (2014). A survey of food bank operations in five Canadian cities. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1234.
  • Tarasuk, V., St-Germain, A.-A. F. ve Loopstra, R. (2020). The relationship between food banks and food insecurity: insights from Canada. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 31(5), 841-852.
  • TBMM. (2018). Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi. Genel kurul karar cetveli. 20, 1-132.
  • TCTOB. (2020). T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı. Gıdanı koru sofrana sahip çık. 18 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.gidanikoru.com/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Tefera, T., Kanampiu, F., De Groote, H., Hellin, J., Mugo, S., Kimenju, S., Beyene, Y., Boddupalli, P. M., Shiferaw, B. ve Banziger, M. (2011). The metal silo: An effective grain storage technology for reducing post-harvest insect and pathogen losses in maize while improving smallholder farmers’ food security in developing countries. Crop Protection, 30(3), 240-245.
  • Teron, A. C. ve Tarasuk, V. S. (1999). Charitable food assistance: What are food bank users receiving? Canadian Journal of Public Health/Revue Canadienne de Sante'e Publique, 90(6), 382-384.
  • TGDF. (2020). Türkiye Gıda ve İçecek Sanayii Dernekleri Federasyonu. Türkiye'de gıda israfı. 16 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.tgdf.org.tr/ adresinden erişildi.
  • TİDER. (2020). Temel İhtiyaç Derneği. 16 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://www.tider.org/ adresinden erişildi. Urrutia, I., Dias, G. M. ve Clapp, J. (2019). Material and visceral engagements with household food waste: Towards opportunities for policy interventions. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 150, 104435.
  • Vatansever Deviren, N. ve Kurtuluş, G. (2020). Yoksullukla mücadelede gıda bankacılığının rolü. Journal of International Social Research, 13(73), 980-987.
  • Verghese, K., Lewis, H., Lockrey, S. ve Williams, H. (2015). Packagings role in minimizing food loss and waste across the supply chain. Packaging Technology and Science, 28(7), 603-620.
  • Vilariño, M. V., Franco, C. ve Quarrington, C. (2017). Food loss and waste reduction as an integral part of a circular economy. Frontiers in environmental science, 5, 1-5.
  • Vos, R. (2019). Reducing food losses in developing countries: Simple technological solutions, complex adoption along supply chains. In J. V. Braun, M. S. Sorondo & R. Steiner (Eds.), Reduction of food loss and waste (ss. 143-151).
  • Wilson, N. L. W., Rickard, B. J., Saputo, R. ve Ho, S.-T. (2017). Food waste: The role of date labels, package size, and product category. Food Quality and Preference, 55, 35-44.
  • Withanage, S. V., Dias, G. M. ve Habib, K. (2021). Review of household food waste quantification methods: Focus on composition analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, 123722.
  • Yuan, J. J., Yi, S., Williams, H. A. ve Park, O.-H. (2019). US consumers’ perceptions of imperfect “ugly” produce. British Food Journal, 121, 2666-2682.
Toplam 68 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mehmet Seçkin Aday 0000-0002-5669-5812

Serpil Aday 0000-0002-2896-1191

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2021
Kabul Tarihi 5 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Kış

Kaynak Göster

APA Aday, M. S., & Aday, S. (2021). Gıda Kayıp ve İsrafının Azaltılmasında Gıda Bankacılığı. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(9), 291-310. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.844971

IBAD'da yayımlanan makaleler, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 lisansı altındadır. Makalede kullandıkları materyaller için gerekli izinlerin alınması yazarların sorumluluğundadır. Makalelerin bilimsel ve hukuki mesuliyeti yazarlarına aittir.