YAPAY ZEKÂ EKOSİSTEMİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: YERLİ MODEL BİLGE AİLESİNİN TÜRK KAMU YÖNETİMİNE POTANSİYEL ETKİLERİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı koordinasyonunda TÜBİTAK BİLGEM tarafından geliştirilen Türkiye'nin yerli ve millî yapay zekâ altyapısı BİLGE Model Ailesi’nin, Türk kamu yönetimi, bürokratik işleyiş ve e-devlet ekosistemi üzerindeki potansiyel etkileri akademik bir perspektifle incelenmektedir. Küresel yapay zekâ pazarındaki tekelci yapıların ulusal veri güvenliği ve dijital egemenlik üzerinde yarattığı risklere karşı stratejik bir hamle olan BİLGE; 1 milyar ile 122 milyar parametre arasında değişen esnek hiyerarşisi, Türkçenin sondan eklemeli dil morfolojisine uygun yerli tokenizer tasarımı ve adım adım akıl yürütme mekanizmasıyla öne çıkmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi, kavramsal modelleme ve karşılaştırmalı politika analizi tekniklerinin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, yerli modelin kamu kurumlarında yerel sunucularda (on-premise) konuşlandırılabilme esnekliği sayesinde veri bağımsızlığını nasıl güvence altına alacağı kuramsal düzeyde modellenmiştir. Çalışma bulguları, hiyerarşik model dağılım senaryolarının taşra teşkilatlarından merkezi bakanlıklara kadar operasyonel ve donanımsal maliyetleri düşürme potansiyeli taşıdığına dair kuramsal bir projeksiyon sunmakta; Chain-of-Thought mimarisinin ise kamusal karar destek süreçlerinde halüsinasyon riskini azaltma ve algoritmik hesap verebilirliği destekleme yönünde stratejik bir tasarım hedefi taşıdığını öngörmektedir. Tartışma bölümünde projenin teknik yeterliliği, hukuki sorumluluk sınırları ve kurumsal dijital eşitsizlik riskleri ele alınmış; sonuç olarak BİLGE'nin yasal mevzuat standardizasyonu, Veri Artırımlı Nesil (RAG) entegrasyonları ve kamu personelinin dönüşümü ile desteklendiği takdirde "Milli Teknoloji Hamlesi" vizyonu doğrultusunda proaktif bir "Akıllı Devlet" (Smart State) modelinin inşasında en stratejik yönetim aktörü olacağı öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• BİLGE Model Ailesi
• Kamu Yönetimi
• Egemen Yapay Zekâ
• Algoritmik Yönetişim
• Dijital Bürokrasi
• Zincirleme Düşünme (Chain-of-Thought)

A PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ECOSYSTEM: THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE DOMESTIC “BİLGE” FAMILY OF MODELS ON TURKISH PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Öz

This study examines, from an academic perspective, the potential impacts of the BİLGE Model Family—Turkey’s indigenous and national artificial intelligence infrastructure, developed by TÜBİTAK BİLGEM under the coordination of the Ministry of Industry and Technology—on Turkish public administration, bureaucratic operations, and the e-government ecosystem. As a strategic move against the risks posed by monopolistic structures in the global artificial intelligence market to national data security and digital sovereignty, BİLGE stands out with its flexible hierarchy ranging from 1 billion to 122 billion parameters, an indigenous tokenizer design tailored to the agglutinative morphology of the Turkish language, and a step-by-step reasoning mechanism (Chain-of-Thought). Using qualitative research methods, including document analysis, conceptual modelling, and comparative policy analysis, this study theoretically models how the indigenous model will ensure data independence through its flexibility to be deployed on-premise in public institutions. The study’s findings present a theoretical projection that hierarchical model distribution scenarios have the potential to reduce operational and hardware costs from provincial organizations to central ministries. Furthermore, it anticipates that the Chain-of-Thought architecture carries a strategic design objective to mitigate the risk of hallucinations in public decision-support processes and to support algorithmic accountability. The discussion section addresses the project's technical adequacy, legal responsibility boundaries, and the risks of institutional digital inequality. In conclusion, it is projected that if supported by legal legislation standardization, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrations, and the transformation of public personnel, BİLGE will be the most strategic management actor in the construction of a proactive "Smart State" model in line with the "National Technology Initiative" vision.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• BİLGE Model Family
• Public Administration
• Sovereign AI
• Algorithmic Governance
• Digital Bureaucracy
• Chain-of-Thought

Kaynakça

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