Orman yangınlarının atmosferik uzantısı olarak pyrocumulonimbus (pyrocb) üzerine kavramsal bir analiz: Eğitim ve toplumsal dirençlilik bağlamında bir değerlendirme

Öz

İklim değişikliğiyle birlikte artan orman yangınları, yalnızca ekosistemler ve atmosferik sistemler üzerinde değil, aynı zamanda toplumlar ve afet yönetimi yapıları üzerinde de çok boyutlu etkiler yaratmaktadır. Bu yangınların bazıları, atmosferde Pyrocumulonimbus (PyroCb) olarak adlandırılan özel bulut oluşumlarını tetikleyerek yangın kaynaklı fırtınalara ve yeni yangın odaklarının ortaya çıkmasına yol açmaktadır. PyroCb olayları; stratosfere ulaşan duman kütleleri, ani hava değişimleri ve şiddetli meteorolojik olaylarla yalnızca yangın yönetimini değil, hava taşımacılığını, sağlık sistemlerini ve toplumların psikolojik dayanıklılığını da etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma, PyroCb olaylarını yalnızca meteorolojik bir olgu olarak değil, afet yönetimi literatüründe giderek önem kazanan çoklu tehlike yaklaşımı çerçevesinde sosyal etkileri ve yönetsel boşluklarıyla ele almaktadır. Holling’in sosyal-ekolojik dirençlilik kuramı, IPCC’nin iklim dirençliliği modeli ve Sendai Çerçevesi üzerinden, PyroCb olaylarının dirençlilik sistemlerine entegrasyonu tartışılmaktadır. Ayrıca, 371 katılımcıdan elde edilen anket verileri analiz edilerek eğitim düzeyi ile çevre eğitimi/seminer katılımının afet bilinci üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Bulgular, afet bilincinin yalnızca teknik altyapıyla değil, aynı zamanda formal ve informal eğitim temelli stratejilerle güçlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışma, PyroCb gibi yeni nesil risklerin anlaşılması ve afet yönetimi politikalarına entegrasyonu açısından hem bilimsel hem de uygulamaya dönük katkılar sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pyrocumulonimbus
• afet riski
• dirençlilik
• çoklu tehlike
• iklim değişikliği
• orman yangınları

A conceptual analysis of pyrocumulonimbus (pyrocb) as the atmospheric extension of forest fires: An assessment from the perspective of education and social resilience

Öz

With climate change, wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe, generating multi-layered impacts on ecosystems, atmospheric systems, societies, and disaster management structures. Some of these fires trigger special atmospheric cloud formations known as Pyrocumulonimbus (PyroCb), leading to fire-induced storms and the ignition of new fire outbreaks. PyroCb events, with smoke plumes reaching the stratosphere and sudden severe weather phenomena, directly affect not only fire management but also air transportation, public health, and the psychological resilience of communities. This study addresses PyroCb events not merely as meteorological phenomena but within the disaster management literature as part of the multi-hazard approach, analyzing their social impacts and governance gaps. The integration of PyroCb into resilience systems is discussed through key global frameworks such as Holling’s social-ecological resilience theory, the IPCC’s climate resilience model, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. In addition, survey data collected from 371 participants were analyzed to examine the effects of education level and participation in environmental education/seminars on disaster awareness. The findings indicate that disaster awareness can be enhanced not only through technical infrastructure but also via formal and informal education-based strategies. This study highlights PyroCb as an emerging risk that requires integration into disaster management systems and offers both scientific and policy-oriented contributions to resilience-building.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pyrocumulonimbus
• disaster risk
• resilience
• multi-hazard
• climate change
• forest fires

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