Examination of Psychometric Properties of the Prosocial Tendencies Measure in the Context of Self-Determination Theory

Abstract

Prosocial behaviours, which constitute an important aspect of social life, are essential for the proper functioning of society. These kinds of behaviors are appreciated and encouraged in almost every society. Recent research on prosocial behaviour has started to emphasize the multidimensional nature and underlying motivations of prosocial behaviour. Within the framework of Self- Determination Theory (SDT) suggests that the motivation behind engaging in prosocial behaviour is intrinsic or extrinsic. In this study, the psychometric structure of The Prosocial Tendencies Measure, which was developed by Carlo and Randall (2002) and distinguishes between six different types of prosocial behaviours, was examined based on SDT. Analyses to determine whether the items of this scale can be classified as intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors showed that the scale can be used in two dimensions as intrinsic-extrinsic motivations. We also found that these two factors demonstrated good internal consistency. However, when Carlo and Randall's (2002) classification is taken into consideration, it seems that, especially, the altruism sub-dimension needs to be re-conceptualized in the Turkish cultural context. The obtained results were discussed in the framework of Self Determination Theory.

Keywords

• Intrinsic Motivation,Extrinsic Motivation

Olumlu Sosyal Davranış Eğilimi Ölçeğinin Psikometrik Özelliklerinin Kendini Belirleme Kuramı Bağlamında İncelenmesi

Öz

Toplumsal yaşamın önemli bir yönü olan olumlu sosyal davranışlar, toplumun düzgün işleyişi için kritik bir öneme sahiptir ve hemen hemen her toplum bu tür davranışları takdir ve teşvik etmektedir. Olumlu sosyal davranışlar konusunda son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda, olumlu sosyal davranışın çok boyutlu ve davranışın altında yatan motivasyona vurgu yapılmakta, Kendini Belirleme Kuramı (KBK) çerçevesinde, olumlu sosyal davranışın altında yatan motivasyon içsel veya dışsal olabileceği öne sürülmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada Carlo ve Randall (2002) tarafından geliştirilen ve altı farklı türde olumlu sosyal davranışları ölçen Olumlu Sosyal Davranış Eğilimi Ölçeği’nin psikometrik yapısı KBK temelinde incelenmiştir. Ölçek maddelerin içsel ve dışsal motivasyon olarak ayrışıp ayrışmadığını belirlemek amacıyla yapılan analizler sonucunda, sözkonusu ölçeğin içsel motivasyon ve dışsal motivasyon ayırımı temelinde iki boyutlu olarak da kullanılabileceği ve sözkonusu iki faktörün açıkladığı varyansın %39.18 olduğu) görülmüştür. İç tutarlılık açısından bakıldığında ise içsel ve dışsal motivasyon alt boyutlarının güvenirliğinin yeterli düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, Carlo ve Randall’ın (2002) sınıflaması göz önüne alındığında, ölçeğin özellikle özgecilik alt boyutunun Türk kültürü bağlamında yeniden kavramsallaştırılmasına ihtiyaç duyulduğu belirlenmiş ve tüm sonuçlar KBK bağlamında tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İçsel Motivasyon,, dışsal motivasyon,, Kendini Belirleme Kuramı

Kaynakça

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