Araştırma Makalesi

Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential

Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 3 Ağustos 2026
PDF İndir
EN TR

Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential

Öz

Cytisus gueneri (Fabaceae) is a rare endemic species native to the flora of Türkiye, whose biological properties have not yet been fully characterized. In this study, the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of the methanolic extract of C. gueneri were evaluated. The extract exhibited notable inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria, producing inhibition zones of 17 mm against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. In contrast, no inhibitory activity was observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. DPPH radical scavenging analysis revealed a strong antioxidant activity, reaching 82.85% inhibition at 1 mg/mL, comparable to the reference antioxidant BHA. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated a concentration-and time-dependent decrease in cell viability across different cancer cell lines. The most pronounced effect was observed in Caco-2 colon cancer cells, with IC₅₀ values of 17.7 and 16.1 µg/mL at 48 and 72 hours, respectively. Overall, these findings suggest that C. gueneri may serve as a promising natural source of bioactive compounds, warranting further investigation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Keywords: Cytisus gueneri, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, endemic plant

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was conducted with the support of the Biotechnology Research Center and the Proteogenomics Technologies Research Laboratory at Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Research Laboratories Center.

Etik Beyan

This study did not involve any human participants or animals. Therefore, ethics committee approval was not required.

Kaynakça

  1. Abreu, A.C., Coqueiro, A., Sultan, A.R., Lemmens, N., Kim, H.K., Verpoorte, R., Van Wamel, W.J.B., Simões, M., & Choi, Y.H. (2017). Looking to nature for a new concept in antimicrobial treatments: ısoflavonoids from Cytisus striatus as antibiotic adjuvants against MRSA. Scientific reports, 7, 3777.
  2. Ait-Kaci Aourahoun, K., Fazouane, F., Benayad, T., Denni, N., & Bettache, Z. (2014). The synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene, a naturally occurring constituent of the broom Cytisus triflorus L’Hérit. Journal of Natural Products, 7, 58–64.
  3. Akter, S., Mahib, M. M. R., Hoque, M. R., Islam, M. R., & Kabir, M. G. (2026). Comparative Profiling of Capsicum frutescens and C. annuum Reveals Superior Bioactivities and Nutritional Advantages for Functional Food Applications. Food Science & Nutrition, 14(1), e71426.
  4. Alvaredo-López-Vizcaíno, A., Costa-Barbosa, A., Sampaio, P., Río, PG., Botelho, C., & Ferreira-Santos, P. (2025). Development of Cytisus flower extracts with antioxidant and anti-ınflammatory properties for nutraceutical and food uses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26, 7100.
  5. Asmaz, A., Ustun-Alkan, F., Kalaycilar, I. B., Kucukdeniz, T., Özbaş, F., & Karakuş, S. (2024). Sonosynthesis and artificial intelligence-enhanced characterization of PEGylated Camellia sinensis-encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles: cytotoxicity capacity against cervical cancer and fibroblast cells. Journal of Taibah University for Science, 18, 2363579.
  6. Babayeva, A., Dibek, E., Kıvrak, İ., & Çöl, B. (2024). The cytotoxic effects of turkish bee venom (Apis mellifera) on selected cancer cell lines. International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics, 30, 53. Babayeva, A., Mammadov, R., Atay, M. Ö., & Çöl, B. (2025). Cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Inula graveolens and Inula viscosa: Solvent-dependent bioactivity and therapeutic potential. Biology Bulletin, 52, 197.
  7. Barba-Ostria, C., Carrera-Pacheco, S. E., Gonzalez-Pastor, R., Heredia-Moya, J., Mayorga-Ramos, A., Rodríguez-Pólit, C., Zúñiga-Miranda, J., Arias-Almeida, B. & Guamán, L. P. (2022). Evaluation of biological activity of natural compounds: current trends and methods. Molecules, 27, 4490.
  8. Benaiche, G., Noureddine, B., Trifunović, S. R., Vukovic, N., Todorovic, D., Todorovic, M., Baskic, D., & Vukić, M. D. (2015) Isolation of alkaloids and anti-tumor activity of the crude methanolic extract of algerian Cytisus purgans. Oriental Journal Of Chemistry, 31, 1943–1948.
  9. Berridge, M.V., & Tan, A. (1993). Characterization of the cellular reduction of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT): subcellular localization, substrate dependence, and ınvolvement of mitochondrial electron transport in mtt reduction. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 303, 474–482.
  10. Blois, M. S. (1958). Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 181, 1199-1200. Bouziane, A., Bakchiche, B., Dias, MI., Barros, L., Ferreira, ICFR., AlSalamat, HA., & Bardaweel, SK. (2018). Phenolic compounds and bioactivity of Cytisus villosus Pourr. Molecules, 23, 1994.

Kaynak Göster

APA
Yılmaz, Ç., Babayeva, A., Dibek, E., Akbaş, K., Kelhasanoğlu, T., & Çöl, B. (2026). Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential. Journal of Apitherapy and Nature, 9(2), 213-224. https://doi.org/10.35206/jan.1932924
AMA
1.Yılmaz Ç, Babayeva A, Dibek E, Akbaş K, Kelhasanoğlu T, Çöl B. Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential. Journal of Apitherapy and Nature. 2026;9(2):213-224. doi:10.35206/jan.1932924
Chicago
Yılmaz, Çisem, Anara Babayeva, Esra Dibek, Kenan Akbaş, Tuğçe Kelhasanoğlu, ve Bekir Çöl. 2026. “Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential”. Journal of Apitherapy and Nature 9 (2): 213-24. https://doi.org/10.35206/jan.1932924.
EndNote
Yılmaz Ç, Babayeva A, Dibek E, Akbaş K, Kelhasanoğlu T, Çöl B (01 Ağustos 2026) Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential. Journal of Apitherapy and Nature 9 2 213–224.
IEEE
[1]Ç. Yılmaz, A. Babayeva, E. Dibek, K. Akbaş, T. Kelhasanoğlu, ve B. Çöl, “Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential”, Journal of Apitherapy and Nature, c. 9, sy 2, ss. 213–224, Ağu. 2026, doi: 10.35206/jan.1932924.
ISNAD
Yılmaz, Çisem - Babayeva, Anara - Dibek, Esra - Akbaş, Kenan - Kelhasanoğlu, Tuğçe - Çöl, Bekir. “Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential”. Journal of Apitherapy and Nature 9/2 (01 Ağustos 2026): 213-224. https://doi.org/10.35206/jan.1932924.
JAMA
1.Yılmaz Ç, Babayeva A, Dibek E, Akbaş K, Kelhasanoğlu T, Çöl B. Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential. Journal of Apitherapy and Nature. 2026;9:213–224.
MLA
Yılmaz, Çisem, vd. “Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential”. Journal of Apitherapy and Nature, c. 9, sy 2, Ağustos 2026, ss. 213-24, doi:10.35206/jan.1932924.
Vancouver
1.Çisem Yılmaz, Anara Babayeva, Esra Dibek, Kenan Akbaş, Tuğçe Kelhasanoğlu, Bekir Çöl. Biological Activities of The Endemic Cytisus gueneri: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential. Journal of Apitherapy and Nature. 01 Ağustos 2026;9(2):213-24. doi:10.35206/jan.1932924