Grafen takviyeli magnezyum kompozitlerin biyomedikal amaçlı üretimi ve biyouyumluluk çalışmaları

Öz

Bu çalışmada biyomedikal implantlar için potansiyel taşıyan grafen (GNP) takviyeli magnezyum (Mg) matrisli kompozitler toz metalürjisi yöntemiyle üretilmiş ve korozyon davranışları incelenmiştir. Farklı GNP katkı oranlarında hazırlanan numuneler, yapay vücut sıvısında (SBF) daldırma testine tabi tutulmuş ve kütle kaybı ile pH değişimleri değerlendirilmiştir. Başlangıçta tün deney setleri için 7.25 olan pH değeri 10 gün ve 20 gün sonunda 10’un üzerine çıkmıştır. MG045 ve MG060 gruplarında pH değerindeki artış miktarının daha az olması biyouyumluluk açısından olumlu değerlendirilmiştir. Ortalama korozyon hızı (CR) 1.244 ± 0.094 mg·cm⁻²·gün⁻¹ olarak hesaplanmış olup, en yüksek hız MG015 grubunda 1.388 mg·cm⁻²·gün⁻¹, en düşük hız ise MG045 grubunda 1.138 mg·cm⁻²·gün⁻¹ bulunmuştur. SEM/EDS analizleri, GNP takviyesinin yüzeyde apatite benzer yoğun Ca–P tabakalarının oluşumunu hızlandırdığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu sonuçlar, saf Mg’de literatürde raporlanan yaklaşık 60 mg·cm⁻² kütle kaybına kıyasla daha düşük korozyon değerlerine işaret etmekte, ancak kaplamalı Mg sistemlerine göre hâlâ daha yüksek seviyede olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma, uygun katkı oranlarında GNP’nin Mg esaslı biyobozunur kompozitlerin korozyon direncini ve biyouyumluluğunu artırabileceğini doğrulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Magnezyum matrisli kompozitler
• grafen nanoplatelet
• toz metalürjisi
• aşınma davranışı
• biyomedikal malzemeler
• mikroyapı analizi

Fabrication and biocompatibility assessment of graphene-reinforced magnesium composites for biomedical applications

Abstract

In this study, graphene nanoplatelet (GNP)-reinforced magnesium (Mg) matrix composites with potential applicability in biomedical implants were fabricated using the powder metallurgy technique, and their corrosion behavior was systematically investigated. Specimens containing different GNP weight fractions were subjected to immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF), and the resulting mass loss and pH variations were analyzed. The initial pH value of 7.25 for all test sets exceeded 10 after the 10th and 20th days of immersion. The more controlled pH increase observed in the MG045 and MG060 groups was evaluated favorably in terms of biocompatibility. The average corrosion rate (CR) was calculated as 1.244 ± 0.094 mg·cm⁻²·day⁻¹, with the highest value measured for the MG015 group (1.388 mg·cm⁻²·day⁻¹) and the lowest for the MG045 group (1.138 mg·cm⁻²·day⁻¹). SEM/EDS analyses revealed that GNP addition promoted the formation of dense Ca–P layers resembling apatite on the composite surface. These findings indicate lower corrosion levels compared to the ~60 mg·cm⁻² mass loss commonly reported for pure Mg in the literature, yet higher than those of coated Mg systems. Overall, the study demonstrates that optimized GNP incorporation can enhance both the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg-based biodegradable composites.

Keywords

• Magnesium matrix composites
• graphene nanoplatelets
• powder metallurgy
• wear behavior
• biomedical materials
• microstructural analysis

Kaynakça

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