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Apokaliptik Bir Mekan Olarak Savaş Alanı: Once on Chunuk Bair ve Emperyal Anlatının Çöküşü

Year 2025, Issue: 19, 135 - 146
https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.1756012

Abstract

Bu makale, Maurice Shadbolt’un Once on Chunuk Bair (1982) adlı oyununu, savaşa, kahramanlığa ve ulusal kimliğe sıklıkla atfedilen kurtarıcı mitlerin bir eleştirisi olarak incelemektedir. 1915 yılındaki Gelibolu harekâtı sırasında geçen oyun, Yeni Zelandalı askerlerin Türkiye’de Conk Bayırı adlı tepeyi kısa süreliğine ele geçirmelerini ve ardından İngiliz komutanlığı tarafından kaderlerine terk edilişlerini sahneye taşır. Tarihsel olay, sıklıkla Yeni Zelanda ulusal bilincinin oluşumunda kurucu ve efsanevi bir an olarak mitleştirilmiş olsa da Shadbolt bu yüceltilmiş başarısızlık anlatısını bilinçli olarak sorgular. Oyun; savaş alanını, imparatorluk onuru, askeri erdem ve ulusal aidiyet gibi yanılsamaların ifşa edildiği apokaliptik bir mekâna dönüştürür. Bu makalede Once on Chunuk Bair’in uzun süredir savaşın kurtarıcı mitini ayakta tutan ideolojik temelleri sistematik biçimde söktüğünü öne sürülmektedir. Oyun; terk edilme, hayal kırıklığı ve psikolojik yıpranma temsilleri aracılığıyla, kahramanlık, kimlik ve umut gibi kavramların savaş yoluyla teyit edilmek yerine giderek çözüldüğünü ortaya koyar. Ulusal bir doğuş anı olarak tahayyül edilen şey—sadakat, fedakârlık ve vatansever inançlarla temellendirilmiş olsa da—nihayetinde belirsizlik ve nafile bir çaba içinde yavaş bir çözülmeye dönüşür. Bu makale Shadbolt’un izleyiciye ne aşkın bir vizyon ne de kolektif bir yeniden doğuş önerdiğini ileri sürmektedir. Bunun yerine savaş alanını bir dönüşüm yeri olarak değil; miras alınan ideallerin gerçekleşmediği, açığa çıktığı bir çöküş zemini olarak sunar. Bu bağlamda makale, oyunu; savaşı estetikleştiren ve kaybı anıtsallaştıran anlatılara, onların ahlaki ve politik sonuçlarını tam anlamıyla sorgulamadan yaklaşan anlayışlara yönelik radikal bir meydan okuma olarak konumlandırmaktadır.

Ethical Statement

Bu makale, insan katılımcılarla yapılan herhangi bir süreç içermemektedir. Bu yüzden etik kurul izni alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Supporting Institution

Sorumlu yazar, bu çalışmanın herhangi bir finansal destek almadığını beyan etmiştir.

References

  • Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Verso.
  • Augé, M. (1995). Non-places: ıntroduction to an anthropology of supermodernity. Verso.
  • Boyer, P. (1992). When time shall be no more: prophecy belief in modern American culture. Harvard University Press.
  • Brake, B. (1982). Photograph of Once on Chunuk Bair production, Mercury Theatre, Auckland, 1982. https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/43948/once-on-chunuk-bair-1982. Accessed 27 Aug. 2025
  • Brereton, J.M. (1976). The horse in war. Arco
  • Brooking, T. (2004). The history of New Zealand. Greenwood Press.
  • Crawford, J. & Ian, M.. (2007). (Eds.) Introduction. In New Zealand’s great war. (pp. 19-31). Exisle Publishing.
  • Derrida, J. (1984). No apocalypse, not now: full speed ahead, seven missiles, seven missives. (Trans. C. Porter). Diacritics, 14(2), 20–31.
  • Dowling, D. (1994). A critical ıntroduction to twentieth-century New Zealand drama. G.K. Hall.
  • Harper, G. (2011). Letters to Gallipoli. Auckland University Press.
  • Jones, L. (2003). Barbed wire and mirrors: essays on New Zealand prose. Otago University Press.
  • Keller, C. (1996). Apocalypse now and then: a feminist guide to the end of the world. Beacon Press.
  • Kermode, F. (2000). The sense of an ending: studies in the theory of fiction. Oxford University Press.
  • King, M. (2003). The penguin history of New Zealand. Penguin.
  • Kirişçi, A. C. (2011). Nation-building, and Gallipoli: Representations in Turkish, Australian, and New Zealand literatures. PhD, Department of English Literature, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul.
  • Quinby, L (1994). Anti-Apocalypse. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Sontag, S. (2003). Regarding the pain of others. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Thomson, D. (1997). The end of time: faith and fear in the shadow of millennium. Minerva.

The Battlefield as an Apocalyptic Space: Once on Chunuk Bair and the Collapse of Imperial Narrative

Year 2025, Issue: 19, 135 - 146
https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.1756012

Abstract

This article examines Maurice Shadbolt’s Once on Chunuk Bair (1982) as a critique of the redemptive myths often attached to war, heroism, and national identity. Set during the Gallipoli campaign of 1915, the play dramatizes New Zealand soldiers’ brief occupation of the summit of Chunuk Bair in Türkiye and their ultimate abandonment by British command. While the historical event has frequently been mythologized as a formative moment in New Zealand’s national consciousness, Shadbolt deliberately undermines the narrative of glorious failure. The play transforms the battlefield into an apocalyptic space where illusions of imperial honor, martial virtue, and national belonging are unmasked. In this article, I argue that Once on Chunuk Bair systematically dismantles the ideological foundations that have long sustained the myth of redemptive war. Through its portrayal of abandonment, disillusionment, and psychological erosion, the play exposes how constructs such as heroism, identity, and hope are not affirmed through war but progressively destabilized. What is initially imagined as a moment of national becoming, which is anchored in loyalty, sacrifice, and patriotic conviction, is revealed to be a slow descent into uncertainty and futility. This article suggests that Shadbolt does not offer a vision of transcendence or collective rebirth. Instead, he confronts the audience with a battlefield that functions not as a site of transformation, but as a terrain of collapse where inherited ideals are not realized but unmasked. My reading positions the play as a radical challenge to narratives that aestheticize war and memorialize loss without fully confronting their moral and political implications.

Ethical Statement

This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.

Supporting Institution

The author declared that this study has received no financial support.

References

  • Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Verso.
  • Augé, M. (1995). Non-places: ıntroduction to an anthropology of supermodernity. Verso.
  • Boyer, P. (1992). When time shall be no more: prophecy belief in modern American culture. Harvard University Press.
  • Brake, B. (1982). Photograph of Once on Chunuk Bair production, Mercury Theatre, Auckland, 1982. https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/43948/once-on-chunuk-bair-1982. Accessed 27 Aug. 2025
  • Brereton, J.M. (1976). The horse in war. Arco
  • Brooking, T. (2004). The history of New Zealand. Greenwood Press.
  • Crawford, J. & Ian, M.. (2007). (Eds.) Introduction. In New Zealand’s great war. (pp. 19-31). Exisle Publishing.
  • Derrida, J. (1984). No apocalypse, not now: full speed ahead, seven missiles, seven missives. (Trans. C. Porter). Diacritics, 14(2), 20–31.
  • Dowling, D. (1994). A critical ıntroduction to twentieth-century New Zealand drama. G.K. Hall.
  • Harper, G. (2011). Letters to Gallipoli. Auckland University Press.
  • Jones, L. (2003). Barbed wire and mirrors: essays on New Zealand prose. Otago University Press.
  • Keller, C. (1996). Apocalypse now and then: a feminist guide to the end of the world. Beacon Press.
  • Kermode, F. (2000). The sense of an ending: studies in the theory of fiction. Oxford University Press.
  • King, M. (2003). The penguin history of New Zealand. Penguin.
  • Kirişçi, A. C. (2011). Nation-building, and Gallipoli: Representations in Turkish, Australian, and New Zealand literatures. PhD, Department of English Literature, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul.
  • Quinby, L (1994). Anti-Apocalypse. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Sontag, S. (2003). Regarding the pain of others. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Thomson, D. (1997). The end of time: faith and fear in the shadow of millennium. Minerva.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Literary Studies (Other)
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Ercan Gürova 0000-0001-5446-9013

Publication Date October 10, 2025
Submission Date August 1, 2025
Acceptance Date October 3, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 19

Cite

APA Gürova, E. (n.d.). The Battlefield as an Apocalyptic Space: Once on Chunuk Bair and the Collapse of Imperial Narrative. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(19), 135-146. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.1756012