Kültürel Mirasın Dijitalleşmesi: Sanal Miras Turizmi

Öz

İnsan yaşantısının her aşamasındaki ortak somut/soyut kavramlar kültürel mirası oluşturmakta ve bunlar zamanla zarar görebilmekte veya yok olmaktadır. Bunu önlemek adına, koruma ve arşivleme amacıyla kültürel miras örneklerinin dijital ortama aktarımına başlanmıştır. Sanal, artırılmış, karma gerçeklik ile yapay zeka sistemleri sayesinde kültürel miras ögeleri orijinal formlarına uygun olarak 3 boyutlu ortamlara aktarılabilmektedir. Bu sayede insanların merak ettiği ancak gidemediği ya da erişemediği kültürel miras alanlarını, internet aracılığıyla sanal ortamda ziyaret etme imkanı sağlanmıştır. Kültürel miras turizmine artan talepler, yeni turizm türlerini oluşturarak sanal miras turizmi kavramını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu bakış açısıyla değerlendirildiğinde sanal miras turizmi, turizm endüstrisinin geleneksel çeşitliliğine alternatif olarak dönüştürücü bir katkı sağlamakta ve yeni bir araştırma alanı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada konuya dair geniş bir literatür taraması yapılarak, kültürel mirasın dijitalleşme süreçleri, farklı ülkelerdeki dijital miras çalışmaları ile dijital müze örnekleri, dijital mirasın ortaya çıkardığı avantajlar/dezavantajları, Türkiye’deki dijital kültürel miras çalışmaları, sanal miras turizmi ve geleceği hakkında değerlendirmeler yapılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kültürel Miras
• Dijitalleşme
• Dijital Kültürel Miras
• Sanal Miras Turizmi
• Yapay Zeka

The Digitalization of Cultural Heritage: Virtual Heritage Tourism

Öz

The shared tangible and intangible concepts present at every stage of human life constitute cultural heritage, and over time, these elements may become damaged or disappear. In order to prevent this, the process of transferring examples of cultural heritage into digital environments has begun for the purposes of preservation and archiving. Thanks to virtual, augmented, and mixed reality technologies, as well as artificial intelligence systems, elements of cultural heritage can be transferred into three-dimensional environments in accordance with their original forms. In this way, people are provided with the opportunity to virtually visit cultural heritage sites that they are curious about but are unable to access or physically reach, through the internet. The increasing demand for cultural heritage tourism has led to the emergence of new types of tourism, resulting in the concept of virtual heritage tourism. From this perspective, virtual heritage tourism provides a transformative contribution as an alternative to the traditional diversity of the tourism industry and constitutes a new field of research. In this study, by conducting a comprehensive literature review on the subject, evaluations are made regarding the digitalization processes of cultural heritage, digital heritage studies in various countries along with examples of digital museums, the advantages and disadvantages introduced by digital heritage, digital cultural heritage practices in Turkey, virtual heritage tourism, and its future.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cultural Heritage
• Digitalization
• Digital Cultural Heritage
• Virtual Heritage Tourism
• Artificial Intelligence

Kaynakça

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