Ultrason destekli ekstraksiyon ile hindiba köklerinden biyoaktif bileşiklerin optimizasyonu

Öz

Hindiba kökü (Cichorium intybus L.), güçlü antioksidan aktivite gösteren fenolik bileşikler açısından zengindir ve fonksiyonel gıda ile nutrasötik uygulamalar için önemli bir hammaddedir. Bu çalışmada, asitlendirilmiş hidroetanolik çözücü sistemi (hacimce %80 etanol ve %1 HCl) ve Box–Behnken tasarımı kullanılarak kurutulmuş hindiba köklerinden biyoaktif bileşiklerin ultrason destekli ekstraksiyonu (UAE) optimize edildi. Ultrases gücü (%60–80), ekstraksiyon süresi (3–7 dk) ve katı:sıvı oranının (%5–15) toplam fenolik madde (TFM) ve 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radikal giderme aktivitesi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. ANOVA sonuçlarına göre tüm lineer faktörler antioksidan aktiviteyi anlamlı düzeyde etkilemiş (p ≤ 0.05) ve en baskın parametre katı:sıvı oranı olmuştur (%71.58). TFM için güç ve süre anlamlı bulunurken, konsantrasyon sınırda etki göstermiştir. Özellikle güç–konsantrasyon etkileşimi önemli bulunmuştur. Optimum koşullar %74.85 güç, %15 katı:sıvı oranı ve 3 dk olarak belirlenmiş; bu şartlarda 133.79 ± 4.43 mg GAE/100 g TFM ve %61.06 ± 3.36 DPPH inhibisyonu elde edilmiştir. UAE hızlı ve etkili bir ekstraksiyon yöntemidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hindiba kökü
• Ultrason destekli ekstraksiyon
• Proses optimizasyonu

Optimization of bioactive compounds from chicory roots by ultrasound-assisted extraction

Abstract

Chicory roots (Cichorium intybus L.) are rich in phenolic compounds with strong antioxidant activity, making them valuable for functional food and nutraceutical applications. This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds from dried chicory roots using an acidified hydroethanolic solvent system (80% ethanol containing 1% HCl, v/v) and a Box–Behnken design. Ultrasound amplitude (60–80%), extraction time (3–7 min), and solid-to-liquid ratio (5–15%) were evaluated for their effects on total phenolic content (TPC) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. ANOVA indicated that all linear factors significantly affected antioxidant activity (p ≤ 0.05), with solid-to-liquid ratio contributing 71.58% of total variability. For TPC, amplitude and time were significant, while concentration showed a marginal effect. Interaction effects, particularly between amplitude and concentration, were notable. Optimal conditions were 74.85% amplitude, 15% concentration, and 3 min, yielding 133.79 ± 4.43 mg GAE/100 g TPC and 61.06 ± 3.36% DPPH inhibition. UAE proved to be a rapid and efficient method for enhancing phenolic recovery.

Keywords

• Chicory root
• Ultrasound-assisted extraction
• Process optimization

Kaynakça

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