Avrupa Birliğine Aday ve Potansiyel Aday Ülkelerin Tarım Potansiyellerinin Promethee Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Avrupa Birliği’nde bugüne kadar yedi kez genişleme süreci gerçekleşmiş, 6 ülke ile kurulan Avrupa Birliği bugün 27 ülkeli büyük bir topluluk halini almıştır. Avrupa Birliği’nde genişleme süreci devam etmekte olup Birliğe aday ve potansiyel aday ülkeler bulunmaktadır. Avrupa Birliği’ne aday ülkelerin çoğunda tarım sektörünün gayrisafi yurt içi hasılaya ve istihdama önemli katkıları bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Avrupa Birliği’ne aday ve potansiyel aday ülkelerin tarım potansiyelleri Promethee yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamına Birliğe aday ülkelerden Bosna Hersek, Karadağ, Kuzey Makedonya, Arnavutluk, Sırbistan ve Türkiye ile Birliğe potansiyel tek aday ülke olan Kosova alınmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda Türkiye tarım potansiyeli en yüksek ülke olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Birliği
• tarım
• Promethee yöntemi

Evaluation of Agricultural Potentials of European Union Candidate and Potential Candidate Countries with Promethee Method

Öz

European Union has undergone seven enlargement processes to date, and the European Union, which was established with six countries, has now become a large community of 27 countries. The enlargement process in the European Union is ongoing, and there are candidate and potential candidate countries for the Union. In most of the candidate countries for the European Union, the agricultural sector makes significant contributions to gross domestic product and employment. This study evaluates the agricultural potential of candidate and potential candidate countries for the European Union using the Promethee method. The study includes Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Albania, Serbia, and Türkiye, which are candidate countries for the Union, and Kosovo, which is a potential candidate country for the Union. The analysis determined that Türkiye has the highest agricultural potential.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• European Union
• agriculture
• Promethee method

Kaynakça

1. Anonim, (2023). Kosovo agriculture in numbers. Erişim adresi https://www.mbpzhr-ks.net/repository/docs/Kosovo_Agriculture_in_numbers_2023.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2025).
2. Anonim, (2025). EU enlargement. Erişim adresi https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-enlargement_en (Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2025).
3. Bajdor P., Brzozowska A., Kalinichenko A., & Dunay A. (2020). Sustainable agriculture management in European Union countries. Education Excellence and Innovation Management: A 2025 Vision to Sustain Economic Development during Global Challenges. Proceedings of the 35th International Business Information Management Association Conference, Seville, Spain, pp. 808-819.
4. Bojnec, S. (2011). Agricultural and rural labour markets in the EU candidate countries of Croatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Turkey. Factor Markets Working Paper No. 6, Center for European Policy Studies, Brussels, Belgium.
5. Bytyçi, B. (2025). The role of agriculture for the economic development of the Republic of Kosovo. (Phd thesis, Agricultural University Plovdiv, Faculty of Economics, Department of Economics).
6. EUROSTAT, (2025). Database. Erişim adresi https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/main/data/database (Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2025).
7. Güreşci, E., & Atsan, A. (2009). Avrupa Birliği'nin (AB) 2004 yılı genişleme süreci öncesinde Türkiye ve diğer aday ülkelerin ortak tarım politikası'na (otp) uyumları ve karşılaştırılması. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi, 15(2), 55- 61.
8. Jankowska, A., & Hlavsa, T. (2025). A comparative analysis of diversification of agricultural production among EU candidate countries and eastern partnership countries: an international perspective. Plos One, 20(3), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314471

9. Markovic, M. (2014). Agriculture and agricultural policy in Montenegro, in: Volk, T, Erjavec, E, Mortensen, K (eds.), Agricultural Policy and European Integration in Southeastern Europe (pp. 135-152). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
10. Miftari, I., & Hoxhaj, H. (2014). Agriculture and agricultural policy in Kosovo, in: Volk T, Erjavec E, Mortensen K (eds.), Agricultural Policy and European Integration in Southeastern Europe (pp. 107-120). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
11. Mizushina, Y. (2021). Importance of agriculture and research. The Open Access Journal of Science and Technology, 9, 1-2.
12. Oğuz, S., Çetiner, Ö., & Yalçıntaş, D. (2020). Avrupa Birliği’ne aday ve potansiyel aday ülkelerin ekonomik göstergelerinin topsis yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi. Çağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(2), 17-28.
13. Stojcheska, A.M., Zhllima, E., Kotevska, A., & Imami, D. (2024). Western Balkans agriculture and rural development policy in the context of EU integration- the case of Albania and North Macedonia. Regional Science Policy & Practice, 16, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rspp.2024.100049
14. Zekic, S., Kleut, Z., & Matkovski, B. (2017). An analysis of key indicators of rural development in Serbia: a comparison with EU countries. Economic Annals, 62(214), 107-120. https://doi.org/10.2298/EKA1714107Z
15. Zurovec, O., Vedeld, P.O., & Sitaula, B.K. (2015). Agricultural sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina and climate change-challenges and opportunities. Agriculture, 5, 245-266. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture5020245