Akran Zorbalığıyla Başa Çıkmada Sosyal Beceri Temelli Psikoeğitim Programının Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyal beceri temelli psikoeğitim programının ortaokul öğrencilerinin zorba veya kurban olma düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada ön test-son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu 12 kız ve 18 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 30 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında deney, plasebo ve kontrol grupları oluşturulmuş ve her gruba 10 öğrenci atanmıştır. Deney grubuna, haftada bir kez olmak üzere toplamda 8 oturumdan oluşan sosyal beceri temelli psikoeğitim programı uygulanmıştır. Plasebo grubuna tek oturumluk temel düzeyde zorbalık semineri verilirken, kontrol grubuna herhangi bir işlem yapılmamıştır. Gruplara ilişkin veriler ön test, son test ve 5 aylık izleme testinden elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Akran Zorbalığı Belirleme Ölçeği Ergen Formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 21.00 paket programıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları sosyal beceri temelli psikoeğitim programının ortaokul öğrencilerinin kurban ve zorba olma düzeyini azaltmada etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Deney grubundaki öğrencilerin kurban puanları son testte anlamlı fark oluşturmayacak düzeyde yükselmiş ancak izleme testinde anlamlı şekilde düşmüştür. Öğrencilerin zorba puanları hem son testte hem izleme testinde düşmüş, ön test ile izleme testi arasında anlamlı fark oluşmuştur. Plasebo grubunun verileri incelendiğinde tüm ölçümlerde hem kurban hem de zorba puanlarının yükseldiği görülmüştür. Kontrol grubunun ise kurban puanlarının tüm ölçümlerde yükseldiği görülürken, son test ölçümünde zorba puanlarının anlamlı fark oluşturmayacak şekilde düştüğü ancak izleme testi ölçümünde yükselmeye devam ettiği görülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçları alanyazındaki çalışmalar doğrultusunda tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• zorbalık
• zorba
• kurban
• sosyal beceri
• psikoeğitim programı

Investigation of the Effect of Social SKILLS-BASED Psychoeducation Program in Coping with Peer Bullying

Öz

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of a social skills-based psychoeducation program on the bully or victim levels of middle school students. A pretest-posttest control group experimental design was used in the study. The study group consisted of a total of 30 students, 12 girls and 18 boys. Experimental, placebo and control groups were formed and 10 students were assigned to each group. The experimental group received a social skills-based psychoeducation program consisting of a total of 8 sessions, once a week. The placebo group received a one-session basic bullying seminar, while the control group did not receive any treatment. Data on the groups were obtained from the pre-test, post-test and 5-month follow-up test. Personal Information Form and Peer Bullying Scale Adolescent Form were used as data collection tools. The data were analyzed with SPSS 21.00 package program. The results of the analysis showed that the social skills-based psychoeducation program was effective in reducing the level of victimization and bullying of middle school students. The victim scores of the students in the experimental group increased at a level that did not make a significant difference in the post-test, but decreased significantly in the follow-up test. The bully scores of the students decreased both in the post-test and in the follow-up test, and there was a significant difference between the pre-test and the follow-up test. When the data of the placebo group were analyzed, it was seen that both victim and bully scores increased in all measurements. While the victim scores of the control group increased in all measurements, it was observed that the bully scores decreased in the post-test measurement in a way that did not create a significant difference, but continued to increase in the follow-up test measurement. The results of the study were discussed in line with the studies in the literature and recommendations were presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• bullying
• bully
• victim
• social skills
• psychoeducation program

Kaynakça

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