Special Issue

Issue: Ö14, 3/21/24

Year: 2024

Turkish language and literature

Research Article

31. Okul idarecilerinin dijital okuryazarlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi

Research Article

32. Ortaokul Öğretmenlerinin Güvenli Okul Algıları

World languages and litertures

Translation and interpreting

Book Reviews

RumeliDE contains original scientific publications. All published articles, except editorials, are subject to a double blind peer review process.

• The aim of the journal is to contribute to science by publishing high quality publications of scientific importance. For this purpose, original research articles, reviews, case reports and letters to the editor are published in all fields related to basic or extended clinical experience in health sciences.

• RumeliDE is an independent, double-blind peer-reviewed, open access and online journal that aims to publish articles in all fields related to language, culture, literature, translation, education and state science. Articles should describe original data that have not been previously published or submitted for publication elsewhere.

Manuscripts that are deemed suitable for RumeliDE submission rules and the scope of the journal are sent to at least two referees who are experts in their fields for scientific evaluation. RumeliDE Editorial Board members, who discuss the suitability of the manuscript, then take into account the comments of the referees on each submission. The final decision for all submitted manuscripts belongs to the Editor-in-Chief. The Editorial Board of RumeliDE is committed to comply with the criteria of the International Council of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) and Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

RumeliDE is a journal that publishes academic, scientific and research-based articles in the fields of language, literature, theatre, communication, folklore, culture, translation studies, language and literature education.

The publication language is Turkish; however, articles written in most of the world languages (Cyrillic, Latin, Arabic, Hebrew, Greek, Georgian, Armenian, Indian, Chinese, Korean, Japanese) are also accepted.

RumeliDE Subject Category: Humanities

RumeliDE Science Area: Philology

RumeliDE Keywords: Language, culture, literature, translation, education, folklore

Language: The study of all languages simultaneously and diachronically, interdisciplinary studies of languages.

Literature: Mainly Turkish literature, Western literature, Eastern literatures and comparative literature studies.

Folklore: Mainly Turkish folklore and folkloric studies of the peoples of the world.

Culture: Studies in the context of language, culture and literature.

Translation Studies: Translation studies in the context of all languages.

Language education: Studies on mother tongue and language education for foreigners.

Literature education: The study of literature as an art.

Readership
The target audience is members of professions, specialists, researchers, specialisation and doctoral students as well as students related to this field in all fields of social sciences and humanities. It aims to contribute to the spread of continuous professional development and research culture.

Copyright
The copyrights of the works published in RumeliDE Journal belong to their authors. Authors give permission for their intellectual work to be published by RumeliDE Journal under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) licence.

Submissions are expected to comply with the following guidelines.

After the manuscript has been submitted through the Article Tracking System from the personal page entered with the e-mail address and password, the referee process can be followed from the same system. After this stage, reports from all referees should be waited for the corrections to be made. Because authors can add corrections to the system only once. When a referee makes the correction requested by one referee and the manuscript is added to the system, if a second referee requests a correction at the next stage, the requested corrections will not be made.

Title: It should be a title that is compatible with the content and best expresses it, and should be written in 11 pt, bold letters and general centre, indent left and right 0, spacing first 12 and then 12 line spacing 14.

Author name(s) and address: Information such as the author's name, title, institution where he/she works and e-mail address where he/she can be reached should not be included under the title of the article. Since author names can be seen by the system administrator, this information will be added to the manuscript by the editor. When the manuscripts are added to the system, it should be ensured that no information belonging to the author is included in the manuscript. This is important in order to allow the referees who will review the article to move more easily.

Abstract: At the beginning of the article, there should be an abstract in Turkish and English, which briefly and concisely expresses the subject and consists of at least 200 and at most 250 words. Keywords (Keywords) consisting of at least 3 and at most 5 words should be given with one line space under the abstract. Abstract text should be written in Georgia normal 9; general justified left and right; indent left and right 1 cm; spacing first 12 then 12 line spacing 14; Abstract title should be written in Georgia normal 10 bold; general centre; indent left and right 1 cm; spacing first 12 then 12 line spacing 14.

Keywords: Georgia normal 9; general right justified; indent left and right 1 cm; spacing 12 then 12 line spacing 14.

Main text: A4 size (29.7×21 cm.), Word program, Georgia font, 10 pt, general right justified, indent left and right 0, spacing 12 before, 12 after, line spacing 14. There should be a 2.5 cm margin on the page edges and the pages should not be numbered. The main text, excluding the abstract and bibliography page, should not be less than 5 pages and should not exceed 30 pages. Paragraphs should not be started in the text of the article.

Footnote: All information in the footnote should be written in Georgia normal 8; general right justified; indentation hanging 1 cm; spacing before 0 then 0 line spacing single.

Section headings: In the article, main, intermediate and subheadings can be used in order to provide an orderly transfer of information, and headings can be numbered if necessary; however, automatic numbering should not be done.

Tables and figures: Tables should be numbered and titled. Tables should be placed where they should be in the text. Figures should be prepared for colour printing. Table specifications are auto-fit; table texts should be written with Georgia normal 9, general right justified left, indent left and right 0, spacing 6 then 6 line spacing single. Figure numbers and names should be written centrally just below the figure.

Images: High resolution, print quality scanned images should be given in their place in the text. The rules for naming pictures should follow the rules for figures and tables.

Citations and references: The following citation and referencing standards should be followed in the articles to be submitted to our journal. Works that do not comply with these rules will be returned to the author for correction. Quotations exceeding a few sentences in the text should be written with Georgia normal 9; general right justified left; indentation left and right 1 cm; spacing 6 then 6 line spacing single.

At the end of the text, under the heading References, the references cited should be listed by surname. For the bibliography, Georgia normal 10; general right justified left and right justified; indent hanging 1 cm; spacing first 6 then 6 line spacing single should be applied.
For referencing and bibliography rules, please refer to APA order. (http://www.apastyle.org)

NOTE: Dear authors, you need to review your references and check that they comply with the spelling rules of our journal. We kindly ask you to submit your article after making sure that it is formatted in accordance with the spelling rules of our journal.

Since we carry out the refereeing and authorship procedures of our authors and referees who are Dergipark users from www.rumelide.com, they must also be a member of this address in order to contribute to our journal.

Author's Guide

Duties and Responsibilities of Authors

Authorship and Contribution
Authorship should be limited to those who made significant contributions to the conception, design, conduct, or interpretation of the study. All significant contributors should be listed as co-authors. If there are minor contributors, e.g. language editing, they should be acknowledged in the acknowledgements section. The corresponding author should ensure that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to its submission for publication. Authors are expected to carefully review the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and to provide the final author list at the time of original submission. Only in exceptional circumstances will the editor consider the addition, deletion, or reorganisation of authors after the manuscript has been submitted. All authors must agree to any such addition, deletion or reorganisation. Authors take joint responsibility for the work.

Author Change Requests
Addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the author list can only be made before the manuscript is accepted and only if approved by the Editor of the journal.
If such a change is requested, the Editor will request from the responsible author (a) the reason for the change in the author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail) from all authors that they agree to the addition. Only in exceptional cases will the Editor consider the addition, deletion or reorganisation of authors after the article has been accepted.

Article Writing
Authors of original research papers should address the topic in an original way and with an objective discussion. The paper should include sufficient detail and references to allow others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly false statements constitute unethical behaviour and are unacceptable.

Originality
The author should provide assurance that the article is original, has not been previously published elsewhere, and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, in another language.

Using Original Sources and Citation
Authors must ensure that they have written entirely original work and, if they have used the work or words of others, that this is properly cited. Privately obtained information, such as in conversations, correspondence or discussions with third parties, should not be used without the express written permission of the source.

Data Access and Preservation
Authors may be asked to provide research data supporting their articles for editorial review and/or to comply with the journal's open data requirements. Authors should be prepared to provide public access to such data, if possible, and to retain such data for a reasonable period after publication. The journal recommends uploading research data to TUBITAK's Aperta Portal.

Multiple and Simultaneous Publication
An author should not publish an article containing the same research in more than one journal. It is unethical to submit the same article to more than one journal at the same time. An author should not submit a previously published article for consideration in another journal, except in the form of an abstract.

Publication of Studies Based on Questionnaires and Interviews
For research in all disciplines that require ethics committee approval (ethics committee approval must be obtained, this approval must be stated and documented in the article. In researches requiring ethics committee approval, information about the approval (name of the committee, date and number) should be included in the method section, as well as on one of the first/last pages of the article; in case reports, information on the signature of the informed consent form should be included in the article.

Conflict of Interest
Any financial or other interest that may cause the person to be conflicted in his/her work, significantly impair his/her objectivity, or provide an unfair advantage in favour of any person or organisation. All sources of financial support received during the conduct of the research and preparation of the manuscript and the role of sponsors in the study should be disclosed. If there is no source of funding, this should also be indicated. Examples of potential conflicts of interest that should be disclosed include consultancies, salaries, grants. Potential conflicts of interest should be disclosed at the earliest possible stage.

Error Reporting
When an author notices a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her published work, he/she should notify the journal immediately. It is also the author's obligation to co-operate in withdrawing or correcting the manuscript if deemed necessary by the editor. If the editor or publisher learns from a third party that a published work contains errors, it is the author's obligation to co-operate with the editor, including informing the editor.

Image Integrity
It is unacceptable to enhance, darken, move, remove or add a specific feature in an image. Authors must adhere to the policy for graphic images implemented by the journal.

Publication Ethics Principles
Publication Ethics can be defined as a self-regulatory mechanism that insists on integrity on behalf of authors, reviewers and publishers to establish higher standards of editorial processing. Ethical standards for publication exist to ensure high-quality scientific publications, public confidence in scientific findings, and respect for people's opinions.
• Honest researchers do not plagiarise.
• They do not misattribute sources.
• They do not hide objections they cannot refute.
• They do not distort opposing views.
• They do not destroy or conceal data.

Peer-reviewed studies are studies that support and realise the scientific method. At this point, it is of great importance that all parties involved in the publication process (authors, readers and researchers, publisher, referees and editors) comply with ethical principles. RumeliDE journal adheres to national and international standards on research and publication ethics. It complies with the Press Law, the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works and the Directive on Scientific Research and Publication Ethics of Higher Education Institutions. RumeliDE has adopted the International Ethical Publishing Principles published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME). It also undertakes to comply with the decisions of the Turkish Editors' Workshop.

• Press Law (National Legislation)
• Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works (National Legislation)
• Higher Education Institutions Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive (National Legislation)
• Transparency and Best Practice Principles in Academic Publishing (International Criteria)
• Turkey Editors' Workshop Decisions (National Criteria)

Replay
Republishing is the publication of the same article or substantially similar articles in more than one journal. The editor sends such an article back without reviewing it. Thereafter, the editor may impose an embargo for a certain period of time on the author who has attempted to republish, publicise this situation in the journal in which the author has previously published (perhaps by simultaneous announcement with the editor of the journal that published the previous article), or apply all of these measures together.

Simultaneous submission of the same work to more than one journal
Authors may not submit the same article to more than one journal at the same time. If the editor learns of possible simultaneous submission, he/she reserves the right to consult with the other editor(s) receiving the manuscript. In addition, the editor may return the manuscript without review or reject the manuscript without considering the reviews, or take this decision in discussion with the other editor(s) involved, and may decide not to accept submissions from authors for a certain period of time. It may also write to the authors' employers or take all of these measures together.

Control to Prevent Plagiarism
Plagiarism is presenting the ideas, methods, data, applications, writings, figures or works of others as one's own work in whole or in part without citing the authors in accordance with scientific rules.

RumeliDE scans all submitted articles to prevent plagiarism. The studies submitted for review are checked for plagiarism using Turnitin & Ithenticate software. The similarity rate is expected to be less than 25%. The main measure of similarity is the author's compliance with the rules of citation and citation. If the similarity rate is 1%, but citation and quotation are not done properly, plagiarism may still be in question. In this respect, citation and quotation rules must be known and carefully applied by the author.

Plagiarism, duplication, false authorship/ denied authorship, research/data fabrication, article slicing, sliced publication, copyright infringement and concealment of conflict of interest are considered unethical behaviours. All articles that do not comply with accepted ethical standards are removed from publication. This includes articles containing possible irregularities and non-conformities detected after publication.

Forgery
To produce data that is not based on research, to edit or change the work presented or published on the basis of unreal data, to report or publish them, to show a research that has not been done as if it has been done.
Falsifying research records and data obtained, showing methods, devices and materials that were not used in the research as if they were used, not evaluating data that do not comply with the research hypothesis, manipulating data and/or results to fit the relevant theory or assumptions, falsifying or shaping the research results in line with the interests of the persons and organisations supported.

Protection of Personal Data of Participants
RumeliDE requires that all research involving personal or sensitive data or materials relating to human participants that are not legally publicly available be subject to formal ethical review.

Addressing Allegations of Research Misconduct
RumeliDE adheres to COPE's Ethical Toolkit for a Successful Editorial. RumeliDE editors will take measures to prevent the publication of articles in which plagiarism, citation manipulation, data falsification, data fabrication, and other research misconduct have occurred. In no case will RumeliDE editors knowingly allow such misconduct to occur. If RumeliDE editors are aware of any allegations of research misconduct related to an article published in their journal, they will follow COPE's guidelines regarding allegations.

Ethical Violation Notifications
Readers can send an e-mail to editor@rumelide.com if they notice a significant error or inaccuracy in an article published in RumeliDE or if they have any complaints about the editorial content (plagiarism, duplicate articles, etc.). We welcome applications as it will provide an opportunity for us to improve, and we will respond quickly and constructively.

Correction, Retraction, Expression of Concern
Editors may consider publishing a correction if minor errors are detected in the published article that do not affect the findings, interpretations and conclusions. Editors should consider retracting the manuscript if there are major errors/violations that invalidate the findings and conclusions. Editors should consider issuing a statement of concern if there is a possibility of research or publication misconduct by the authors; there is evidence that the findings are unreliable and that the authors' institutions have not investigated the incident; or the potential investigation appears unfair or inconclusive. COPE and ICJME guidelines regarding correction, retraction or expression of concern are taken into account.

Publication of Studies Based on Surveys and Interviews
RumeliDE journal adopts the "Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" and "Code of Conduct for Journal Publishers" principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in order to provide ethical assurance in scientific periodical publishing. In this context, the following points should be complied with in the studies submitted to the journal:

1) For research in all disciplines that require ethics committee approval (ethics committee approval must be obtained, this approval must be stated and documented in the article.
2) In studies requiring ethics committee authorisation, information about the authorisation (name of the committee, date and number) should be included in the method section and also on one of the first/last pages of the article; in case reports, information on the signature of the informed consent form should be included in the article.

Special Issue Publication Policy
Special issues can be published twice a year upon the request of the Editorial Board. Articles submitted for inclusion in the special issue are first subjected to a preliminary editorial review. Then, they are examined for compliance with the journal's spelling rules and similarity screening is performed to prevent plagiarism. After these stages, they are included in the peer review process using the double-blinding model.

Editorial Confidentiality Obligation
RumeliDE's editors treat all submitted articles as confidential documents, which means that they will not disclose information about an article to anyone without the authors' permission. During the article review process, the following people have access to the articles: Editors, Referees, Editorial Board Members. The only situation where details about a manuscript may be passed to a third party without the authors' permission is if the editor suspects serious research misconduct.

Allegations-Suspicions of Scientific Misconduct
There are different definitions of scientific misconduct. We address these issues on a case-by-case basis as RumeliDE follows the guidance established by the major publication ethics bodies. If the editor suspects or alleges an ethical violation, they are obliged to take action. This duty extends to both published and unpublished articles. The editor should not simply reject articles raising concerns about possible misconduct. He/she is ethically obliged to follow up on alleged cases. The editor should follow COPE flowcharts when appropriate. Editors should first seek a response from those suspected of misconduct. If they are not satisfied with the response, they should ask the relevant employer or organisation to investigate. The editor should make all reasonable endeavours to ensure that an appropriate investigation into the alleged misconduct is carried out; if this fails, the editor should make all reasonable attempts to insist on a resolution to the problem. This is an onerous but important task.

RumeliDE follows COPE's Ethical Toolkit for a Successful Editorial Office. RumeliDE editors will take measures to prevent the publication of articles in which plagiarism, citation manipulation, data falsification, data fabrication, and other research misconduct have occurred. In no case will RumeliDE or its editors knowingly allow such misconduct to occur. In the event that RumeliDE editors become aware of any allegations of research misconduct related to an article published in their journal, they will follow COPE's guidelines regarding allegations.

Reviewers should inform the Editor if they suspect research or publication misconduct. The Editor is responsible for taking the necessary action in accordance with COPE recommendations.

RumeliDE is committed to following the COPE flowcharts when faced with allegations of misconduct on the following or similar issues.
• What to do when re-publication is suspected
• What to do when plagiarism is suspected
• What to do if fabricated data is suspected
• Requests for change of authorship
• What to do if an undisclosed conflict of interest is suspected
• What to do if unfair or gift authorship is suspected
• What to do when an ethical problem is suspected in an article
• What to do when the suspicion of ethical violation is directly notified by e-mail, etc.
• What to do when a suspected ethical violation is announced via social media

Complaint Procedure
This procedure applies to complaints about content, procedures or policies that are the responsibility of RumeliDE or our editorial staff. Complaints can provide an opportunity and incentive for improvement and we aim to respond quickly, courteously and constructively.

The complaint must relate to content, procedures or policies that are the responsibility of RumeliDE or our editorial team. Complaints should be emailed directly to editor@rumelide.com and will be treated confidentially. The editor responds to complaints immediately. The editor follows the procedure outlined in the COPE flowchart regarding complaints.

Complaints are reviewed by the relevant member of the editorial team and if they cannot be resolved, the following processes are followed:
• If this initial response is considered inadequate, the complainant may request that the complaint be forwarded to a more senior member of the journal.
• If the complainant is not satisfied, the complaint may be forwarded to the editor-in-chief.
• If possible, a full response will be given within two weeks.
COPE publishes a code of practice for editors of scientific journals. This should facilitate the resolution of disputes with editors, journals and publishers, but only after the journal's own complaints procedures have been exhausted.

Appeal Process
We welcome serious objections to the evaluations made by editors and reviewers. If you feel that we have rejected your paper because we misunderstood its scientific content, please send an appeal message to our editorial team at editor@rumelide.com. Do not attempt to submit a revised version of your manuscript at this stage. If, after reading your appeal letter, we realise that your appeal is justified, we may invite you to submit a revised version of your manuscript. Your manuscript will then be resubmitted to the external reviewer process. Please include as much detail as possible in the appeal letter. Finally, we can only consider one appeal per manuscript, so please take the time and effort to write the letter in detail to make your appeal clear - you have one chance, so use it well. We have found that prolonged deliberation over rejected papers is often unsatisfactory for both authors and editors, so we do not process multiple appeals for the same paper.

Conflicts of Interest
A conflict of interest arises when professional judgement about a primary interest may be influenced by a secondary interest (such as financial gain or personal competition). We believe that we need to know the authors' competing interests in order to make the best judgement about how to handle an article, and that readers should know them if we publish the article.

Any interest, financial or otherwise, that may cause the person to be conflicted in his or her work, significantly impair his or her objectivity, or give an unfair advantage in favour of any person or organisation. All sources of financial support received during the conduct of the research and preparation of the manuscript and the role of sponsors in the study should be disclosed. If there is no source of funding, this should also be indicated. Examples of potential conflicts of interest that should be disclosed include consultancies, salaries, grants. Potential conflicts of interest should be disclosed at the earliest possible stage.

RumeliDE has a set process for handling submissions from editors, staff or editorial board members to ensure impartial review. Such submissions are first referred to other journals. If this is not possible, the owner of the submission will be suspended from the journal. These submissions are reviewed in a double blind process.
The editor should not be involved in decisions about manuscripts written by him/herself or family members. Furthermore, such a paper should be subject to all the usual procedures of the journal. The editor should follow the ICMJE guidelines on disclosure of potential conflicts of interest by authors and reviewers.

Principles of Research Ethics
RumeliDE observes the highest standards in research ethics and adopts the international research ethics principles defined below. It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure that manuscripts comply with ethical rules.
• The principles of integrity, quality and transparency must be ensured in the design, review of the design and conduct of the research.
• The research team and participants should be fully informed about the purpose of the research, its methods and possible uses; the requirements and risks, if any, of participation in the research.
• Confidentiality of information provided by research participants and confidentiality of respondents must be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.
• Research participants should take part in the research voluntarily and should not be under any coercion.
• Harm to the participants should be avoided. The research should be planned in a way that does not put the participants at risk.
• Research independence must be clear and explicit; if there is a conflict of interest, it must be stated.
• In experimental studies with human subjects, the written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. The consent of the legal guardian of children and those under guardianship or those with a recognised mental illness must be obtained.
• If the study will be carried out in any institution or organisation, approval must be obtained from this institution or organisation that the study will be conducted.
• In studies with a human element, it should be stated in the "method" section that "informed consent" has been obtained from the participants and ethics committee approval has been obtained from the institution where the study is conducted.

The legal responsibilities arising from the content of the studies published in the journal belong entirely to the author(s).

The magazine uses paid services for digital publishing, graphic design and participation in international indexes; Therefore, the authors who submit articles to our journal are required to pay 2500 TRY (200 USD for foreign authors) to the bank account of Yakup YILMAZ (T. İş Bankası IBAN: TR540006400000114000860261), even if their articles are accepted or rejected. The payment document will be sent to the editor from the additional files in the system. Proof of payment must be submitted for the arbitration process to begin. The fees paid by the authors whose applications are rejected by the referees will not be refunded.

TÜRKİYE İŞ BANKASI, YAKUP YILMAZ
(TRY) IBAN: TR54 0006 4000 0011 4000 8602 61
(€) IBAN: TR05 0006 4000 0021 4000 2066 79
($) IBAN: TR89 0006 4000 0021 4000 2310 66

RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).